【作者】 王永生；

【导师】 魏炜；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 工商管理（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 随着“双减”政策落地推行,我国基础教育格局正发生重大变化。学校教育主阵地作用进一步加强,教师主体引导角色更重要,学校管理维度也变得更广泛。与此同时,全国民办学校的数量正在大幅缩减,一些办学条件差、质量低以及不符合政策规范的民办学校在社会浪潮和政策波动下无声倾倒。师资作为学校发展的第一要素,“双减”背景下一支高素质的教师团队对民办学校的发展显得格外重要。然而“双减”背景下,一线教师们所必须具备的素质和能力,现如今并没有准确的定义,目前国内针对“双减”背景下教师胜任力的研究寥寥无几。面对学生的成长需求以及家长的“教育焦虑”,一线教师如何提升自身在新背景下的胜任力,学校如何招聘到符合新背景下工作需要的教师,如何对教师开展针对性的工作培训等问题亟需解决。因此,对于“双减”背景下教师胜任力的相关研究工作已经是非常紧迫了。本文选取的研究对象为D民办中学在职教师,首先根据对“双减”《意见》及现有的初中教师胜任力文献研究初步收集教师胜任力特征词条。然后从实际出发,对D民办中学在职教师进行开放式问卷调查和焦点小组访谈,以此来对文献研究收集到的胜任力特征词条进行补充和丰富,在此基础上初步构建“双减”背景下D民办中学教师胜任力模型。随后根据构建的胜任力模型,编制测评问卷对模型的有效性进行验证。笔者构建的“双减”背景下D民办中学教师胜任力模型共有10项胜任力特征构成,结合冰山模型分为三个层次。这三个层次分别是:浅表层包括专业知识能力,专业知识是教师的基本能力需要;中间层一部分为组织管理能力、团队合作能力、沟通能力,此部分属于教师在学生、家长、学校和社会等面前试图表现的形象,反映了教师的社会角色;另一部分为教学反思能力、课堂创新能力、同理心及自我调节能力,该部分属于教师的自我认知和特质;最内层由终身学习意识和教师责任感两个特征组成,皆是使教师产生持久的竞争力与动力的内在动机。最后,本研究结合验证后的“双减”背景下D民办中学教师胜任力模型,针对“双减”后D民办中学招聘、培训及绩效考核工作中存在的问题从学校管理层面提出改进建议,实现了本研究的应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the implementation of the “double reduction” policy(easing the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students undergoing compulsory education),the pattern of basic education in China is undergoing major changes.The role of the main field of school education has been further strengthened,the guiding role of teachers has become more important,and the dimension of school management has become more extensive.At the same time,the number of private schools across the country is significantly reduced,and some private schools with poor running conditions,low quality and non-compliance with the policy norms have silently closed down under the social tide and policy fluctuations.As the first element in the development of schools,a team of high-quality teachers under the background of “double reduction” is particularly important for the development of private schools.However,under the background of “double reduction”,there is no accurate definition of the qualities and abilities that front-line teachers must possess,and at present,there are few studies on teachers’ competence under the background of “double reduction” in China.Faced with students’ growing needs and parents’ “education anxiety”,there are some problems that need to be solved urgently,such as how front-line teachers can improve their competence under the new background,how schools can recruit teachers who meet the needs of their work under the new background,and how to carry out targeted work training for teachers.Therefore,it is very urgent to study teachers’ competence under the background of “double reduction”.The research object selected in this paper is the in-service teachers in D private middle school.Firstly,according to the “double reduction” Opinions and the existing literature research of junior high school teachers’ competency,this paper preliminarily collected the characteristic entries of teachers’ competency.Then,based on the actual situation,it conducted an open-ended questionnaire survey and focus group interview with the in-service teachers in D private middle School,so as to supplement and enrich the characteristic entries of competency collected from literature research,and on this basis,to initially construct the competency model of teachers in D private middle school under the background of “double reduction”.Then,according to the competency model,it made a questionnaire to verify the effectiveness of the model.Under the background of “double reduction” constructed by the author,the competency model of teachers in D private middle school consists of 10 competency characteristics,which can be divided into three layers based on the iceberg model.The three layers are: the superficial layer includes the ability of professional knowledge,which is the basic ability of teachers;The middle layer can be divided into two parts,one part is the ability of organization and management,teamwork and communication,which belongs to the image that teachers try to show in front of students,parents,schools and society,etc.,and reflects the social role of teachers;The other part is the ability of teaching reflection,classroom innovation,empathy and self-regulation,which belongs to the self-cognition of teachers;The innermost layer consists of two characteristics: lifelong learning awareness and teachers’ sense of responsibility,both of which are the intrinsic motivation for teachers to generate lasting competitiveness and motivation.Finally,combined with the verified competency model of teachers in D private middle school under the background of “double reduction”,this study put forward improvement suggestions from the school management level for the problems existing in the recruitment,training and performance appraisal of D private middle school after the “double reduction”,and realized the application value of this study.更多还原