【作者】 张凯；

【导师】 徐洪峰；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 建筑与土木工程（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 城市停车位紧缺形势愈演愈烈,是产生城市交通拥堵的重要原因之一,已经成为影响人类生活的社会问题,停车位出租作为一种资源优化手段提高了城市停车位使用效率,在很大程度上缓解了交通拥堵的问题,而居民住宅小区停车位是城市停车位的重要组成部分,其重要性不言而喻。然而,现在很多城市住宅小区的停车位缺少制定费率标准的依据,导致只卖不租或出租费率不合理,从而导致城市住宅小区的停车位资源闲置,造成资源浪费。因此,要增加出租费率的合理性以及城市住宅小区居民租用停车位的意愿,就要了解住宅小区居民在租用停车位时重视的停车位属性和心理特质,以及这些停车位属性和心理特质如何影响住宅小区居民租用停车位的意愿。本文首先通过半结构型访谈获得了停车位所具有的一些属性,基于受访居民的打分获得了七个最在意的停车位属性,同时通过访谈获得了住宅小区居民在租用停车位时的一些心理特质。基于访谈的结果,设计了45个停车位场景选择集、18个心理特质的测量题项并完成了问卷设计,最终收回323份有效问卷。基于调查数据建立了离散选择模型中的Binary Logit模型和Mixed logit模型,分析了城市住宅小区居民租用停车位选择行为并将两个模型进行了对比,从而研究了停车位属性如何影响住宅小区居民租用停车位的意愿。同时,基于问卷结果中的心理特质测量题项得分,构建了能够综合分析享乐主义和功能主义心理特质的潜变量,并进行了信度检验,然后建立了潜在类别模型将受访居民划分为三类,对三类受访居民分别建立离散选择模型进行分析和对比,从而确定基于心理特质划分的不同类别群体在租用停车位时受到哪些停车位属性的影响。研究结果表明,停车位的地上地下类型、租金、停车位到住宅小区出入口的驾驶时间、停车位尺寸、停车位专用与否、是否有专人值守等停车位属性均显著影响住宅小区居民租用停车位意愿,其中停车位地上地下类型、停车位专用与否的影响相对较大。在对受访群体进行基于享乐主义和功能主义价值的潜在类别划分后,受访群体共分为三类,一类对停车位各个属性都很重视并且对一些属性要求很高,一类处于较为乐观和随缘的心态,最后一类对停车位各个属性相对与其他两类群体较为无感。基于实证研究结果,本文提出了城市住宅小区停车位出租费率制定的建议,将对提升城市住宅小区停车位租用合理性、提高停车位利用率、缓解城市乱停乱放问题具有现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The intensified shortage of urban parking spaces is one of the important reasons for urban traffic congestion and has become a social problem affecting human life.As a resource optimization method,parking space rental has improved the efficiency of urban parking spaces and alleviated it to a large extent.The problem of traffic congestion is solved,and the parking spaces in residential quarters are an important part of urban parking spaces,and its importance is self-evident.However,many parking spaces in urban residential areas lack the basis for formulating rate standards,resulting in only selling but not renting or unreasonable rental rates,resulting in idle parking space resources in urban residential areas and waste of resources.Therefore,in order to increase the rationality of rental rates and the willingness of residents in urban residential areas to rent parking spaces,it is necessary to understand the attributes and psychological characteristics of parking spaces that residents in residential areas value when renting parking spaces,and how these attributes and psychological characteristics of parking spaces are.Influence the willingness of residents in residential areas to rent parking spaces.This paper firstly obtained some attributes of parking spaces through semi-structured interviews.Based on the scores of the interviewed residents,the first seven attributes of parking spaces that were most concerned by the residents were obtained.psychological traits.Based on the results of the interviews,45 selection sets of parking space scenarios and 18 measurement items of psychological traits were designed,and the questionnaire design was completed.Finally,323 valid questionnaires were recovered.Based on the survey data,the Binary Logit model and the Mixed logit model in the discrete choice model were established to analyze the choice behavior of residents in urban residential quarters for renting parking spaces and compare the two models,so as to study how the attributes of parking spaces affect the rental of residential quarters.Willingness of a parking space.At the same time,based on the scores of the psychological trait measurement items in the questionnaire results,latent variables that can comprehensively analyze the psychological traits of hedonism and functionalism are constructed,and reliability tests are carried out,and then a latent category model is established to divide the interviewed residents into three groups.The three types of interviewed residents are divided into discrete choice models to analyze and compare,so as to determine which parking space attributes affect different types of groups based on psychological traits when renting parking spaces.The research results show that the above-ground and underground types of parking spaces,the rent,the driving time from the parking space to the entrance and exit of the residential area,the size of the parking space,whether the parking space is dedicated or not,and whether there is a special person on duty all have a significant impact on the residential area residents renting parking spaces.Willingness,in which the above-ground and underground types of parking spaces and whether the parking spaces are dedicated or not have relatively large influences.After classifying the interviewed groups into potential categories based on hedonic subjects and functionalist values,the interviewed groups are divided into three categories.One group attaches great importance to various attributes of parking spaces and has high requirements for some attributes,and the other group is in a relatively low level.Optimistic and casual mentality,the last group is relatively indifferent to the attributes of parking spaces compared with the other two groups.Based on the empirical research results,this paper puts forward suggestions on the formulation of rental rates for parking spaces in urban residential areas,which will have practical significance for improving the rationality of parking space rental in urban residential areas,the utilization rate of parking spaces,and alleviating the problem of random parking in urban areas.更多还原