【作者】 李彬；

【导师】 吴东立； 赵德泉；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳农业大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 农民合作社作为重要的新型农业经营主体和农村金融市场主体,在推动农村经济发展中发挥了重要作用,而充足的资金支持是农民合作社发展壮大的物质基础,银行信贷作为最常用、最广泛的融资模式,是满足农民合作社主体资金需求的重要途径。当下,农民合作社融资难、融资贵问题普遍存在,严重制约了农民合作社的健康持续发展,以此为切入点探究农民合作社正规信贷约束原因,破除正规信贷对其发展壮大的束缚,对促进农村经济繁荣发展,助力农业现代化具有重要的现实意义和理论意义。本文首先运用文献研究法,对国内外农民合作社融资约束现状、正规信贷约束成因和缓解对策进行了系统归纳和总结。以山东省济宁市农民合作社为研究对象,运用问卷调查法对152家农民合作社正规信贷约束问题开展调查探究,整理数据进行统计分析。调查显示,合作社正规信贷约束问题普遍存在,从供需两个角度分析信贷约束的产生有内外部两方面的原因,其中农民合作社财务管理水平低、主体属性不清、抵押物难获认可、信用评级不达标是产生正规信贷约束的内部原因,信贷资金投入不足、信贷产品不能完全满足合作社融资需求、信贷产品特点与合作社融资特点不相匹配、财政金融政策扶持不足是产生正规信贷约束的外部原因。本文还运用案例分析法对分别处于成立初期和发展成长期的合作社开展个案分析,发现不同发展规模合作社也不同程度的存在正规信贷约束问题,但通过信贷产品创新、使用担保融资等应对措施,正规信贷约束得到有效缓解。最后,结合以上研究本文提出提升规范经营水平、创新融资担保方式、完善信贷供给体系、加大信贷政策支持、建立合作社信用评价体系等政策建议,希望对解决合作社正规信贷约束问题有所借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important new agricultural business entity and rural financial market entity,farmers’ cooperatives play a significant role in promoting rural economic development,while sufficient financial support is the material basis for the development and growth of farmers’ cooperatives,and bank credit,as the most common and widespread financing mode,is a crucial way to meet the financial needs of farmers’ cooperative entities.At present,the problem of difficult and expensive financing for farmers’ cooperatives is extensive,which seriously restricts the healthy and sustainable development of farmers’ cooperatives.It is of great practical and theoretical significance to explore the causes of formal credit constraints for farmers’ cooperatives and to break the fetters of formal credit on their development and growth,so as to promote the prosperity of rural economy and accelerate the pace of agricultural modernization in the new era.Firstly,this paper uses literature research method to systematically summarize and conclude the current situation of financing constraints,causes of formal credit constraints and countermeasures to alleviate them in farmers’ cooperatives at home and abroad.Taking farmers’ cooperatives in Jining,Shandong Province as the research object,we investigated 152 farmers’ cooperatives’ formal credit constraints by using questionnaire survey method and compiled the data for statistical analysis.The surveys show that the formal credit constraint problem of cooperatives exists,and there are internal and external reasons for the generation of credit constraint from both supply and demand perspectives,among which the low level of financial management of farmers’ cooperatives,unclear subject attributes,difficulty in obtaining recognition of collateral,and substandard credit rating are internal reasons for the generation of formal credit constraint,insufficient investment in credit funds,credit products not fully meeting diversified financing needs,and credit product features not matching the characteristics of cooperatives.The external causes of formal credit constraint are insufficient credit capital investment,credit products not fully meeting diversified financing needs,mismatch between credit product features and cooperative financing characteristics,and insufficient financial and fiscal policy support.This paper also uses case studies to analyze cooperatives in the early stage of establishment and the growth stage of development,and finds that cooperatives of different development scales also have formal credit constraints to different degrees,but the formal credit constraints are effectively alleviated through credit product innovation and the use of secured financing and other countermeasures.Finally,combined with the above research,this paper proposes policy recommendations such as improve the level of standardized operation,innovating financing guarantee,improving credit supply system,increasing credit policy support,and establishing credit evaluation system for cooperatives,which are expected to be useful for solving the formal credit constraint problem of cooperatives.更多还原