【作者】 刘冰；

【导师】 赵蔚；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 在世界飞速发展的背景下,创造力成为未来人才的重要能力,对创造性人才的培养成为国家发展的潜在影响因素。在新课程标准中,将学生创造力培养作为评价教育教学成果的重要指标。在基础教育中,科学课以其基础性、实践性和综合性的特点,成为学校教育中培养学生创造力的重要途径。研究中发现,教学支架作为建构主义影响下的一种教学方式,能促进创造力等高阶思维能力养成,但目前缺少以创造力培养为目标的支架式教学模式与相关实证研究。本研究通过文献研究法梳理相关研究现状,并设计面向创造力培养的教学支架,采用问卷调查法和行动研究法分析设计的教学支架在实际教学中的效果。本研究以整理分析小学生创造力发展现状和主要影响因素为起点,通过优化创造力培养的四阶段,完成符合教学阶段特点的教学支架形态设计,细化适合课程内容的教学支架表现形式的设计。随后将设计的教学支架应用在教学活动中,分析改进设计中存在的问题,优化教学支架并再次实施。实证结束后,运用配对样本T检验等统计方法分析数据,通过冒险性、好奇心、想象力和挑战性指标得分评价学生创造倾向发展情况,通过作品评价表得分评价学生的创造能力。结果显示,学习者普遍接受设计的支架式教学形式,能熟练运用解决科学问题的方法,协作学习能力提高;学习后学生自我效能感增强,学习科学知识信心和独立思考能力有所提升;本文设计的教学支架对创造力倾向、创造力倾向相应指标和创造能力的培养有促进作用。本研究搭建了在科学课中培养创造力的通用教学支架,拓宽了在学校教育中培养创造力的路径,为教师开展教学提供一定的参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the world,creativity has become an important ability for future talents.The cultivation of creative talents has become a potential factor affecting national development.In the new curriculum standard,the cultivation of students’ creativity is regarded as an important index to evaluate the results of education and teaching.In basic education,science curriculum has become an important way to cultivate students’ creativity in school education because of its basic,practical and comprehensive characteristics.As a teaching method under the influence of constructivism,teaching scaffold can promote the cultivation of high-order thinking ability such as creativity.However,there is a lack of scaffolding teaching theoretical model and relevant empirical research aiming at the cultivation of creativity.This study uses the literature research method to sort out the research status and design the teaching scaffold for creativity cultivation,and uses the questionnaire survey method and action research method to analyze the effect of the teaching scaffold in practical teaching.This study starts from sorting out and analyzing the current situation and main influencing factors of primary school students’ creativity development.By optimizing the four stages of creativity cultivation,this study completes the form design of teaching support in line with the characteristics of teaching stage,and refines the design of expression form of teaching support suitable for course content.Then the designed teaching support is applied to teaching activities,the problems existing in the improved design are analyzed,and the teaching support is optimized and implemented again.After the demonstration,the statistical methods such as paired sample t-test are used to analyze the data,evaluate the development of students’ creative tendency through the scores of adventure,curiosity,imagination and challenge indicators,and evaluate students’ creative ability through the scores of work evaluation form.The results show that students generally accept the form of scaffold teaching.They can skillfully use the methods to solve scientific problems,and their cooperative learning ability has improved.After learning,students’ self-efficacy is enhanced,and their confidence in learning scientific knowledge and independent thinking ability are improved.The teaching scaffold designed in this thesis can promote the cultivation of creativity tendency,corresponding indicators of creativity tendency and creative ability.This study establishes a universal teaching framework for cultivating creativity in science curriculum.It broadens the path of cultivating creativity in school education and provides some reference for teachers to carry out teaching.更多还原