【作者】 李岩；

【导师】 张礼艳；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 考古学及博物馆学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 作为考古学研究的重要材料,墓葬,它不仅可以使我们了解古人的葬俗,而且还可以透物见人,进而探究当时的社会环境,以此丰富我们对古代人类社会的认识。本文从性别考古的角度,以东周时期北方文化带具有性别年龄鉴定的墓葬为研究对象,对冀北地区、内蒙古中南部地区、甘宁地区不同时期男女两性社会地位及分工等进行了探讨。本文搜集整理了东周时期冀北地区、内蒙古中南部地区、甘宁地区具有性别年龄信息的墓葬材料,并纳入到已有的分期方案中,在此基础上,从春秋中期、春秋晚至战国早期、战国中晚期三个阶段分别对不同等级女性和男性墓葬在墓葬形制与结构、墓向、葬式、葬具、随葬品、殉牲6个方面特征进行了统计、分析和总结,分别比较了这三个地区不同时期男女两性墓葬在上述6个方面的差异,反映出三个地区墓葬之间的相似性,总结出东周时期北方文化带族群中,战争、狩猎、出行、放牧等活动由男性承担;日常生活和手工生产活动中,男性承担重体力劳动,女性承担轻型劳动;男女两性服饰装扮不同,男性注重于腰带饰,女性偏向于项饰;从墓葬特征上反映出的男女两性社会地位差异并不明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important material for archaeological research,tombs can not only make us understand the burial customs of the ancients,but also see people through things,and then explore the social environment at that time,so as to enrich our understanding of ancient human society.From the perspective of gender archaeology,taking the tombs with gender age identification in the northern cultural belt of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty as the research object,this paper discusses the social status and division of labor of men and women in different periods in northern Hebei,central and Southern Inner Mongolia and Ganning.This paper collects and arranges the burial materials with gender and age information in northern Hebei,central and Southern Inner Mongolia and Ganning during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty,and brings them into the existing stage scheme.On this basis,from the middle spring and Autumn period,the late spring and Autumn period to the early Warring States period and the middle and late Warring States period,this paper analyzes the shape and structure,direction,style,utensils,funerary objects This paper makes statistics,analysis and summary on the characteristics of martyrdom in six aspects,compares the differences between male and female tombs in different periods in the three regions,reflects the similarity between the tombs in the three regions,and summarizes that in the northern cultural belt ethnic groups in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty,men were responsible for war,hunting,travel,grazing and other activities;In daily life and manual production activities,men undertake heavy physical labor and women undertake light labor;Men and women dress differently.Men focus on belt ornaments while women prefer necklaces;The difference of social status between men and women reflected from the characteristics of tombs is not obvious.更多还原