【作者】 吴超；

【导师】 宋建国；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学(华东) ， 地质工程（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 物探资料现场质量控制(QC-Quality Control)是野外定量评价采集施工因素对油气勘探数据影响的技术方法。传统气枪子波监控工艺不能在施工作业中同步进行,只能下线后对检波器实际记录的气枪子波数据进行QC处理和检查。由于相关监控手段都不能实时完成,因此质量控制进度会严重滞后于勘探生产进度。即使在资料采集当天发现气枪设备存在问题,也无法避免大量地震资料被作废。这种QC滞后性对施工时效和勘探成本都造成了非常不利的影响。因此,气枪子波实时QC技术近年来受到越来越多油公司客户和地球物理服务公司的高度重视。中海油服(COSL)作为中国海上最大的油气田勘探开发一体化专业技术服务公司,目前缺乏行之有效的气枪子波实时QC监控技术。论文以此为背景,展开了研究工作。论文首先研究了海洋地震勘探中气枪震源机理和气枪理想子波数值模拟方法,并基于自由气泡振荡模型讨论了理论子波的动力学特征,推导出单枪条件下震源信号与激发参数间的函数关系,为气枪近场子波与远场子波QC奠定了理论基础。进而结合软件工程理念阐述了气枪子波实时QC软件的设计与主要功能模块研发。论文针对气枪子波数据快速获取问题,提出了基于轮询策略的动态监听;针对海量数据可视化问题,提出了大场景绘图和双缓冲绘图;针对数据处理周期内新文件积压问题,提出了链表缓冲存储结构和双触发逻辑控制模式;针对单线程密集处理下主界面不响应问题,提出了数据多线程后台处理技术。最后分析了气枪近场子波和远场子波实时质量控制模块在海上勘探生产现场的实际应用效果。论文通过基础理论研究和自主编程开发,形成了功能完备、运行稳定的气枪子波实时QC软件,弥补了商业枪控软件在子波QC精度和QC时效方面存在的缺陷,推动了气枪子波监控技术从线后定性QC向线上定量QC转型,有效的解决了海洋油气地震勘探中气枪子波质量监控时效落后于生产时效的难题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Geophysical onboard quality control(QC)for petroleum and gas exploration data is a kind of quantitative technology to evaluate the influence caused by seismic operation factor in field.The traditional air gun wavelet monitoring technology can not be carried out synchronously in seismic operation with real time mode,the QC process and check for air gun wavelet recorded by hydrophone can only be completed in off-line status.So the QC progress for seismic data is severely lagging behind the Exploration&Production progress,due to wavelet monitoring is unable to run in real time.Even if the problems of air gun equipment were found on the day of data acquisition,it is unavoidable that a large number of seismic data will be abandoned.This kind of QC delay has a seriously negative impact on operation efficiency and exploration cost.Therefore,in recent years,air gun wavelet real time QC technology has received more and more attention from oil-field client companies and geophysical service contract companies.As the largest offshore oil and gas exploration and development integration professional technology service company in China,China Oilfield Service Limited Corporation(COSL)is lack of effective real time QC monitoring technology for air gun wavelet.Based on this background,the research work is carried out in this paper.Firstly,this paper studied the mechanism of air gun source and the numerical simulation method of ideal wavelet for air gun in marine seismic exploration,and discussed the dynamic characteristics of theoretical air gun wavelet based on the free bubble oscillation model.The functional equation relationship between source signal and shooting parameters is derived from single gun conditions,it lays a theoretical foundation for near field and far field wavelet QC of air gun.Then,the design of real time QC software for air gun wavelet and the development of main functional modules are expounded in combination with the concept of software engineering.For the issue of fast reception for wavelet data,this paper proposes the real time monitoring and listening technology based on polling strategy.For the issue of visualization for massive data,this paper proposes the big-scale scene drawing and double buffer plot technology.For the issue of new file overstock problems in data processing period,this paper proposes a kind of buffer storage structure based on linked list and logical control mode based on double-trigger mechanism.For the issue of no-response for GUI in single thread busy process,this paper proposes the background processing technology based on muti-thread mechanism.Finally,this paper analyzed the practical application and result of real time quality control module for near field wavelet and far field wavelet in offshore onboard exploration and production.Through basic theory research and self-programming development,this paper formed a set of real time QC software for air gun wavelet with complete functions and stable operation.It makes up for the defects of commercial gun control software in QC accuracy and QC efficiency,and promotes the transformation of air gun wavelet monitoring technology from off-line qualitative QC to quantitative on-line QC.This paper provides an effective solution of air gun wavelet QC lagging behind production problem in offshore oil and gas seismic exploration.更多还原