【作者】 王涛；

【导师】 李小琴；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 地质工程， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 新疆硫磺沟煤田具有地质条件简单,煤炭资源埋藏浅、开采厚度大、储量丰富等特点,但由于该区属于典型的干旱-半干旱地区,蒸发量大,降雨集中,地表植被稀疏,导致地表水蚀严重、冲沟纵横,地表起伏较大,沟谷河流径流水量变化大,雨季极易形成山洪。另外,由于历史开采工作中欠缺规划、小煤窑私挖乱采等现象,浅部各煤层受到不同程度开采,形成大小、形状不一、位置隐蔽的老空区,与地表水存在较强水力联系,极易造成大型突水事故。此外,受全球气候变暖的影响,临近高山冰雪融化加剧,硫磺沟煤田这种老采空区与山洪河谷耦合水害威胁将会明显增多。本文以硫磺沟煤矿老空区水害注浆治理工程为研究背景,综合工程地质学、水文地质学等学科的相关知识,从硫磺沟煤矿的地质和水文地质条件入手,研究了以下内容:(1)结合矿井涌水量和头屯河流量,分析了矿井老空区异常涌水的特征及原因。矿井涌水量呈现明显的随季节变化的趋势,头屯河水主要通过废弃巷道、塌陷坑等补给老采空区,此外,河道开挖也有重要影响。(2)通过地球物理勘探、钻探工程探查、水文地质试验相结合的综合探查技术,查明了实体煤岩、老空区以及关键导水通道,确定了T2采空区为关键导水通道。(3)针对揭露的实体煤岩部分,采用两相达西定律数值模拟方法,建立了浆液在实体煤岩地层中扩散的数值模型,研究了浆液在实体煤岩中的扩散规律,分析了不同注浆参数对注浆效果的影响,结果表明,当孔间距4m时,采用水灰比0.8:1、注浆压力2MPa时,扩散效果最佳,据此设计了实体煤岩帷幕注浆方案,并对注浆效果进行了验证。(4)针对揭露的复杂老采空区,提出了采空区混凝土封堵技术,利用检查孔取芯和简易压水试验进行了验证,结果表明,封堵效果显著。对挡墙的稳定性进行了分析,结果表明,混凝土挡墙的最大位移仅0.409mm,位移非常小,可以认为挡墙是稳定的;因此,采用6m厚度、C30混凝土的挡墙能够满足工程需要。(5)通过水文观测和矿井涌水量分析,对治理效果进行了检验,基于模糊评判方法对注浆工程进行了评价。结果表明,治理后挡水效果显著,基本隔绝了头屯河水与老空区的联系,由最大隶属度准则,可以判断注浆工程质量等级为优良。该论文有图50幅,表14个,参考文献68篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xinjiang Liuhuanggou coalfield has the characteristics of simple geological conditions,shallow burial of coal resources,large mining thickness and abundant reserves,but because the area belongs to a typical arid-semi-arid area,the evaporation is large,the rainfall is concentrated,and the surface vegetation is sparse,resulting in serious surface water erosion,longitudinal ditches,large undulating surface fluctuations,large changes in the amount of runoff in the gully rivers,and it is very easy to form flash floods during the rainy season.In addition,due to the lack of planning in the historical mining work,the phenomenon of private digging and random mining in small coal kilns,the shallow coal seams have been mined to varying degrees,forming old empty areas of different sizes,shapes and hidden locations,and there is a strong hydraulic connection with the surface water,which is very easy to cause large-scale water inrush accidents.In addition,due to the impact of global warming,the melting of ice and snow in the adjacent mountains will intensify,and the threat of coupling water damage in the old goaf area of the Liuhuanggou coalfield and the flash flood valley will increase significantly.Based on the research background of the grouting treatment project of water disaster in the old goaf of the Liuhuanggou coal mine,this paper combines the relevant knowledge of engineering geology,hydrogeology and other disciplines,and studies the following contents from the geological and hydrogeological conditions of Liuhuanggou coal mine :(1)Combined with the mine water inflow and Toutun River flow,the characteristics and causes of abnormal water inflow in the old goaf of the mine are analyzed.Mine water inflow shows obvious seasonal variation trend.Toutun River water supplies the old goaf mainly through abandoned roadways,collapse pits,etc.In addition,river excavation also has important influence.(2)Through the comprehensive exploration technology combining geophysical exploration,drilling engineering exploration and hydrogeological test,the solid coal rock,the old goaf and the key water diversion channel are identified,and the T2 goaf is determined as the key water diversion channel.(3)For the exposed solid coal and rock part,the numerical model of slurry diffusion in solid coal and rock stratum is established by using the two-phase Darcy law numerical simulation method.The diffusion law of slurry in solid coal and rock is studied,and the influence of different grouting parameters on grouting effect is analyzed.The results show that when the hole spacing is 4 m,the water cement ratio is 0.8 : 1 and the grouting pressure is 2 MPa,the diffusion effect is the best.Based on this,the curtain grouting scheme of solid coal and rock is designed and the grouting effect is verified.(4)Aiming at the exposed complex old goaf,the concrete plugging technology of goaf is proposed,and the core extraction of inspection hole and simple water pressure test are used for verification.The results show that the plugging effect is remarkable.The stability of the retaining wall is analyzed.The results show that the maximum displacement of the concrete retaining wall is only 0.409 mm,and the displacement is very small.It can be considered that the retaining wall is stable.Therefore,the retaining wall with 6m thickness and C30 concrete can meet the engineering needs.(5)Through hydrological observation and mine water inflow analysis,the treatment effect was tested,and the grouting project was evaluated based on the fuzzy evaluation method.The results show that the water retaining effect after treatment is obvious,which basically isolates the connection between Toutun River water and the old goaf.According to the maximum membership degree criterion,the grouting engineering quality grade can be judged as excellent.This thesis has 50 figures,14 tables and 68 references.更多还原