【作者】 刘莹；

【导师】 符明弘；

【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 体像烦恼指个体由于自身的审美价值或者审美能力的差异产生对个体本身体像的不满进而引起心理不适的过程。随着经济文化的快速发展,体像烦恼这一心理适应性问题在初中这一学段已经逐渐趋于常态。体像烦恼亦会对初中生未来身心发展造成诸多隐患。探索学生的具体行为和自我意识的过程尤为重要。因此,本研究决定对体像烦恼展开调查,通过初中生偶像崇拜、核心自我评价和体像烦恼的关系研究,探索有效缓解体像烦恼的策略,提升初中生心理健康水平。本研究主要分为两个部分,研究一为关系研究,采用问卷调查法对湖北省武汉市、荆门市两地共1000名学生进行调查,以考察初中生偶像崇拜、核心自我评价和体像烦恼之间的关系;研究二为干预研究,针对研究一的调查结果进行相应的团辅设计及干预工作,以探讨缓解初中生体像烦恼的干预策略,根据相关要求抽取30名被试,并将其随机分配为人数均等的实验组和对照组,对照组不做干预,只对实验组增加团辅干预,干预结束后将两组实验按步骤进行测试,比对测试结果,分析成因。研究结果表明:(1)在偶像崇拜方面,初中生偶像崇拜得分普遍超过均值,在性别、生源地和年级上存在显著差异,女生在情感投射、金钱投入、主观激励水平三个维度比男生得分高,城镇学生偶像崇拜程度明显高于农村学生,初二学生偶像崇拜总体均分和主观激励水平最高,情感投射水平在初中阶段随年龄增长呈逐渐递增趋势。(2)在核心自我评价方面,初中生整体水平是健康的,男生较女生更易调动积极的核心自我评价,农村学生比城镇学生核心自我评价得分高,初三学生较其余两个年级的学生调动核心自我评价的能力更强。(3)在体像烦恼方面,大部分初中生都有不同程度的困扰,在性别、生源地和年级上存在显著差异,女生的体像烦恼水平整体高于男生,因容貌产生的烦恼并未因性别产生差异,而男生比女生更容易因体重产生烦恼。来自农村的学生在体像烦恼整体得分表现的问题较为突出。身高烦恼在年级上的差异性最为显著,初三学生得分最高,其在外形烦恼、身高烦恼和体重焦虑三方面的程度也最严重。(4)偶像崇拜可以对初中生核心自我评价的水平呈显著负相关;初中生的核心自我评价与体像烦恼呈现显著的负相关;初中生偶像崇拜与体像烦恼水平呈现显著正相关。(5)核心自我评价在偶像崇拜和体像烦恼之间起部分中介作用。(6)通过团体辅导可以引导学生良性看待偶像,提高核心自我评价水平,并且,通过对核心自我评价的干预可以降低初中生体像烦恼。更多还原

【Abstract】 The depression of body image is a psychological annoyance resulting from the disappointment with self-body image caused by the deviation of individual aesthetic standards or aesthetic ability.In recent years,it has been becoming a common psychological adaptive problem among junior high school students.The depression of body image will also lay potential troubles for students’ psychological and mental development.In hence,it is of great important to study students’ concrete behavior and self-awareness.This research aims to launch an investigation into the depression of body image.And it set goals to effectively alleviate the body image depression and enhance mental health of junior high school students,by researching the relationships among junior high school students’ idol worship,core self-evaluation and depression of body image.This research can primarily be grouped into two halves.The first part is the finding of the survey carried out by giving out questionnaire,in order to investigate the relevance among idolatry,core self-evaluation and depression of body image.The respondent includes 1000 junior high school students both from Wuhan and Jingmen,which are two major cities of Hubei Province.The second part is a intervention research,which is based on the findings from the first study and carries out a corresponding group auxiliary design and intervention,to discuss the intervention tactics of easing the body image dissatisfaction among students.According to relevant requirements,there are 30 students involved in the test.They are randomly divided into experimental group and control group,which is equal in students number.The experimental group accepts auxiliary intervention,while control group doesn’t.And then the results of the two groups will be tested and compared to analyze the effect of intervention.The results show that:(1)In terms of idol worship,junior high school students get higher score than average.The considerable differences appear in gender,grade and their birth place.Girls score higher than boys in emotional projection,financial investment and subjective motivation.The urban students are more easily trapped by idolatry than rural students.Compared with other students,the students in second-year middle school get the highest average score and show the strongest subjective motivation level.And during the course of aging,their level of emotional projection is in an increasing trend.(2)In terms of core self-evaluation,the junior middle school students are overall in good health condition.Boys are more likely to take initiative to utilize core self-evaluation than girls.Rural students score higher than urban students in core self-evaluation,and 9th grade students have stronger ability to adopt core self-evaluation than the other two grades.(3)In terms of the depression of body image,most junior middle school students are perplexed to varying degree.Its differences are manifestly showed in gender,place of origin and grade.Girls,comparing with boy,are more likely to suffer from body image depression;but there was no gender difference in the trouble caused by appearance.And comparing to girls,boys are more likely to be troubled by weight.Students from rural areas have more problems in the overall score of body image depression.The otherness of height anxiety is the most striking among three grades.Ninth grade students scored the highest,with most serious worries in their appearance,height and weight.(4)Idol worship has a significant negative correlation with the level of core self-evaluation of junior middle school students;There is a significant negative correlation between the core self-evaluation and the depression of body image of junior middle school students.There is a significant positive correlation between idol worship and the depression of body image of junior middle school students.(5)Core self-evaluation plays an intermediary role between idol worship and depression of body image.(6)Group counseling can guide students to treat idols in a benign way and improve the level of core self-evaluation.Moreover,the intervention of core self-evaluation can reduce the depression of body image of junior middle school students.更多还原