【作者】 李萍；

【导师】 赵建军；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 大连市位于中国东北地区最南端,辽东半岛南部,大连市方言属于胶辽官话区登连片下属的大岫小片,其中大连市区是大连市的中心地区,更能展现大连语音的原始面貌,因此本文主要研究大连市区方言。本文的研究数据主要来源于田野调查,将实验语音学与传统听辨相结合,对大连市区8位发音人进行语音材料的分析研究,对大连市区方言的一级元音格局和二级元音格局进行描写,归纳出大连市区方言元音的面貌。本文共包括五部分,其中第三和第四部分为本文的研究重点。绪论部分,首先对大连市的自然概况、历史沿革做了基本的介绍;接下来整理了元音的实验研究概况以及辽宁地区胶辽官话的语音研究方面的研究综述;在本部分的最后阐述了本文的研究意义与内容。第二部分,介绍了本文的研究方法与研究过程。首先介绍了三种本文所应用的研究方法,其次对研究过程中的三个主要过程进行了详细描述。第三部分,描写了大连市区方言一级元音格局。先根据所调查的发音人的数据绘制共振峰数据图,进而对图表所显示的内容归纳;接下来再根据所得数据绘制声学元音图,整体观察各个元音的分布情况;之后使用V值法,更客观和全面地描写一级元音格局。从舌位的前后分布情况来观察,在大连市区方言中,[i]、[y]为前元音,[(?)]、[(?)]、[(?)]为央元音,[u]为后元音,其中[a]在男性中表现为后元音,在女性中为央元音;从舌位高低分布情况来观察,在大连市区方言中,[(?)]、[(?)]、[i]、[u]以及[y]是属于高元音,其中的[(?)]是属于中元音,[a]是属于低元音。第四部分,描写了大连市区方言二级元音格局。先根据二级元音音位变体整体的共振峰数据绘制相应的共振峰数据图,分析二级元音在整体语音环境中的状态;其次,提取二级元音个体共振峰数据,与一级元音做比较,分析两者间差异,再依据个体共振峰数据绘制相应的声学元音图,分析各二级元音的特点与规律;最后,对个体共振峰数据进行归一化处理,更为科学客观地总结大连市区方言二级元音的内在规律。从前后分布看,i、y始终为前元音;(?)、a需根据具体语音环境来判断,(?)在u(?)中时是后元音,在i(?)、y(?)中是前元音;a在ia中时是央元音,在ua中时是后元音;u是后元音。从高低分布看,i、y处于最高位,i略高于y,u处于次高位,(?)是中元音,a是低元音。在最后的第五部分,对前面四个部分进行了总结,并阐述了优点和不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dalian is located in the southernmost tip of Northeast China and the south of Liaodong Peninsula.Dalian dialect belongs to Daxiu small piece subordinate to Denglian piece of Jiaoliao Mandarin district.Among them,Dalian urban area is the central area of Dalian,which can better show the original appearance of Dalian voice.Therefore,this thesis mainly studies Dalian urban dialect.The research data of this paper mainly comes from field investigation.Combining experimental phonetics with traditional listening and discrimination,this paper analyzes and studies the phonetic materials of 8 speakers in Dalian,describes the first-order vowel pattern and second-order vowel pattern of Dalian Dialect,and summarizes the appearance of vowels in Dalian Dialect.This paper consists of five parts,of which the third and fourth parts are the focus of this thesis.In the introduction part,firstly,it makes a basic introduction to the natural overview and historical evolution of Dalian;Next,it summarizes the research on vowels from the experimental research overview and the phonetic research of Jiaoliao Mandarin in Liaoning Province;At the end of this part,it expounds the research significance and content of this thesis.The second part introduces the research methods and research process of this thesis.Firstly,three research methods applied in this thesis are introduced,and then the three main processes in the research process are described in detail.The third part describes the first-order vowel pattern of Dalian Dialect.First,draw formant data chart according to the data of the investigated speakers,and then explain the contents shown in the chart;Next,draw the acoustic vowel diagram according to the obtained data,and analyze the relative distribution of each level vowel combined with the diagram;Use the vowel,pattern,and last vowel more objectively.From the front and back distribution of tongue position,in Dalian urban dialect,[i]and [y] are front vowels,[(?)]、[(?)]、[(?)] is the central vowel,[u] is the post vowel,in which [a] is the post vowel in men and the central vowel in women;From the distribution of tongue position,in Dalian urban dialect,[(?)]、[(?)]、[i]、[u]and [y] are high vowels,of which [(?)] it belongs to the middle vowel and [a] belongs to the low vowel.The fourth part describes the secondary vowel pattern of Dalian urban dialect.Firstly,draw the corresponding formant data map according to the formant data of the whole secondary vowel phoneme variant,and analyze the state of the secondary vowel in the whole speech environment;Secondly,extract the individual formant data of the second level vowel,compare it with the first level vowel,analyze the differences between them,draw the corresponding acoustic vowel diagram according to the individual formant data,and analyze the characteristics and laws of each second level vowel;Finally,normalize the individual formant data to more scientifically and objectively summarize the internal law of secondary vowels in Dalian urban dialect.From the distribution of front and back positions,the vowel i is in the front and y is closely followed;(?),a it depends on the specific voice environment,when (?) Appear in u(?) Middle tense is a post vowel,in i(?)、y(?) Middle is the front vowel;when a appears in ia,it is the central vowel,and when it appears in ua,it is the back vowel;u is the posterior vowel.From the high and low positions,i,y are in the highest position,i is slightly higher than y,and u is in the second highest position,(?) it’s a middle vowel and a is a low vowel.In the last part,the fifth part summarizes the first four parts,and expounds the advantages and disadvantages.更多还原