【作者】 王磊；

【导师】 郭占锋； 贺辉；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 牧区社区治理是乡村治理体系中的重要组成部分,是实现乡村治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要基础,也是推进农牧业农村牧区现代化的重要一环。就牧区社区而言,治理体系与治理能力的现代化不仅对牧区经济健康发展、社会稳定和谐、民族团结进步、生态持续改善至关重要,而且对牧区安定有序、牧民实现自我治理具有十分重要的意义。《城乡治理意见》明确指出要努力把城乡社区建设成为和谐有序、绿色文明、创新包容、共建共享的幸福家园。目前牧区社区治理能力和治理水平有了一定的提升,但是距满足牧民日益增长的美好生活需求还有较大差距。本文以内蒙古四子王旗白乃庙牧区社区作为研究对象,以当前白乃庙牧区社区治理现状为基础,通过对白乃庙社区工作人员和居民进行问卷调查和个案访谈等研究方法,总结白乃庙牧区社区治理已获得的成就,同时运用自主治理理论、新公共管理理论等深入分析白乃庙社区治理的现状。通过对白乃庙社区治理的调研,发现该社区由于地广人稀的地域特点导致基层政府治理能力薄弱,社区治理主体单一、公共服务短板凸显、居民参与社区治理意识不强、社区人才治理能力有待提高等问题。在此基础上分析问题的原因,结合实地调研走访及探讨,有针对性的提出六点治理对策,即强化牧区社区基层党组织引领、创新牧区社区治理模式、引导多元主体参与牧区社区治理、加大牧区社区公共服务投入力度、培养牧区社区居民公共精神、强化牧区社区人才队伍建设等。研究表明:牧区社区治理有其地域特殊性导致治理难度较大的特点,针对其特殊性提出治理对策。一方面,地广人稀的地域特点导致基层治理鞭长莫及,需要由上而下的提高社区治理能力,提高公共服务投入,培养治理人才,构建多元主体参与治理;另一方面,牧区牧民要真正参与到社区治理中,以主人翁的意识参与到治理过程中,自下而上的方式自主发展、成立牧业合作社等多元方式参与治理,合力共同治理牧区社区,共建幸福家园;由此可得出结论,即牧区社区治理能力的提升与牧民自主治理两方面共同发展才能针对地域特点更好的治理牧区,从长远看是一个持续互相促进的过程。基层社区人才的培养,多元主体参与治理,公共服务的不断投入,牧民提高自主治理的意识等多方共同努力,才能不断提高牧区社区的治理成效,促进牧区经济社会的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Community governance in pastoral areas is an important part of the rural governance system,an important basis for realizing the modernization of rural governance system and governance capacity,and an important link to promote the modernization of agriculture and animal husbandry in rural pastoral areas.As far as pastoral communities are concerned,the modernization of governance system and governance capacity is not only of great importance to the healthy development of pastoral economy,social stability and harmony,national unity and progress and sustainable ecological improvement,but also of great significance to the stability and order of pastoral areas and the realization of self-governance by herdsmen.The Guidelines on Urban and Rural Governance clearly point out that efforts should be made to build urban and rural communities into harmonious,orderly,green,civilized,innovative,inclusive,co-built and shared happy homes.At present,the capacity and level of community governance in pastoral areas have been improved to some extent,but there is still a big gap to meet the growing needs of farmers for a better life.This paper takes the community of Bainaimiao pastoral area in Siziwang Banner,Inner Mongolia as the research object,based on the current situation of community governance in Bainianmiao pastoral area,summarizes the achievements of community governance in Bainaimiao pastoral area through questionnaires and case interviews with the staff and residents of Bainaimiao community,and analyzes the current situation of community Governance in Bainaimiao pastoral area by using the theory of independent governance and the theory of new public management.Through the research on the governance of Bainaimiao community,it is found that due to the geographical characteristics of vast territory and sparse population,the community has some problems,such as weak governance ability of grass-roots government,single governance subject,prominent shortcomings in public services,weak awareness of residents’ participation in community governance,and community talent governance ability to be improved.On this basis,it analyzes the causes of the problems,and puts forward six targeted Governance Countermeasures in combination with on-the-spot investigation,visit and discussion,namely,strengthening the guidance of grass-roots party organizations in pastoral communities,innovating the governance model of pastoral communities,guiding multiple subjects to participate in the governance of pastoral communities,increasing investment in public services in pastoral communities,cultivating the public spirit of pastoral community residents,and strengthening the construction of talent teams in pastoral communities.It is found that the community governance in pastoral areas has the characteristics that its regional particularity leads to great difficulty in governance,and the governance countermeasures are put forward according to its particularity.On the one hand,the geographical characteristics of vast territory and sparsely populated areas make it impossible for grass-roots governance to reach.It is necessary to improve community governance ability from top to bottom,increase public service investment,cultivate governance talents,and build multiple subjects to participate in governance;On the other hand,herdsmen in pastoral areas should really participate in community governance,build a beautiful home with the sense of ownership,independently develop from bottom to top,establish animal husbandry cooperatives and other diversified ways to participate in community governance,jointly manage the pastoral communities and jointly build a happy home;It can be concluded that the improvement of community governance ability in pastoral areas and the joint development of herdsmen’s independent governance can better govern pastoral areas according to regional characteristics.In the long run,it is a process of continuous mutual promotion.The training of grass-roots community talents,the participation of multiple subjects in governance,the continuous investment in public services,and the herdsmen ’awareness of self governance can continuously improve the governance effectiveness of pastoral communities and promote the economic and social development of pastoral areas.更多还原