【作者】 黄志伟；

【导师】 冉华；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 广播电视艺术理论， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 仪式传播关注特定价值观念与文化精神的继承与维系,具体方式是通过基于象征符号的仪式互动来实现意义的建构与共享。高校开学、毕业典礼具有完整的仪式环节、丰富的象征符号体系,为仪式传播提供了理想的分析语境。本研究基于象征符号互动视角,以仪式阈限理论和互动仪式链理论,结合特纳的仪式象征符号分类,对高校典礼中的开学、毕业典礼进行研究,阐释了高校开学、毕业典礼的符号类型,分析了两种典礼如何帮助学生完成的人生“过渡仪式”,探究了象征符号的意义建构与共享机制,以及社会文化的传承与维系如何达成。研究仪式传播需要从仪式象征符号着手,因此本研究的第2章阐述了象征符号的分类,并将其作为本研究的分析框架。本研究的第3章聚焦解释性符号,将高校开学、毕业典礼视为戈夫曼所谓的“拟剧”,仪式正是通过“仪式拟剧”的展演营造仪式情境。第4章从位置性符号维度出发,分析这些典礼的空间隐喻。空间符号隐喻包括典礼中的仪式地点、仪式建筑、仪式造型,这些符号同样具有营造仪式氛围的作用,使参与者获得一定的情感体验。本研究对“过渡仪式”的完成、象征符号的意义建构分析,具体体现在这两章中。根据互动仪式链理论,仪式通过符号体系设定情境,触发参与者的直觉情绪,直觉情绪经由仪式表演升华为深厚久远的情感,形成群体团结和群体身份符号,进而产生集体归属感、群体团结感。在这一过程中,符号始终活跃于每一个互动环节,发挥着基础性的工具作用。本研究的第5章,聚焦操作性符号,分析典礼中的声音符号——音乐与致辞。包括国歌与校歌在内的音乐都具有特定的象征涵义,致辞则更具体地将学校与国家两个层面的价值融合在一起,音乐与致辞这两种声音符号将个体、学校、国家三个层面串联起来,使个体的情感有了更高远、更深沉的寄托。仪式建构的意义——群体认同、群体价值观念与文化精神的维系——也在群体的共情与共鸣过程中得以共享。本研究通过分析得出并进一步明确了这样的观点:象征符号在互动与社会实践中产生意义并使之得以共享,基于象征符号的互动使得文化得以产生与保存,互动的扩大,进而促成社会的形成,仪式是象征符号最为丰富的情境,因此仪式传播对文化传承与维系具有重要的意义;仪式传播具有一定的模式和套路,对仪式传播的形式化指责或许并不如关注象征符号意义生成与解读来得实在,因为后者对提升仪式传播的效果有着重要的实践意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ritual communication pays attention to the inheritance and maintenance of specific values and cultural spirit,specifically the mechanism of meaning construction and sharing through the ritual interaction of symbols.The opening ceremony and graduation ceremony of colleges and universities have complete ritual links and rich symbolic system,which provides an ideal analytical context for ritual communication.Based on the perspective of symbolic interaction,this study studies the opening and graduation ceremonies in University ceremonies with ritual threshold theory and interactive ritual chain theory,combined with Turner’s classification of ritual symbols,explains the symbol types of University opening and graduation ceremonies,analyzes how the two ceremonies help students complete the "transition ceremony" of life,and explores the meaning construction and sharing mechanism of symbolic symbols,And how to achieve the inheritance and maintenance of social culture.The study of ritual needs to start with ritual symbols.Therefore,Chapter 2 of this study expounds the classification of symbols and takes them as the analytical framework of this study.Chapter 3 of this study focuses on explanatory symbols and regards the opening and graduation ceremonies of colleges and universities as what Goffman calls "pseudo drama".The ceremony creates the ritual situation through the performance of "ritual pseudo drama".Chapter 4 analyzes the spatial metaphors of these ceremonies from the perspective of positional symbols.Spatial symbol metaphor includes ritual place,ritual architecture and ritual modeling in the ceremony.These symbols also play a role in creating ritual atmosphere and enabling participants to obtain a certain emotional experience."Transition ceremony" and the construction of symbolic meaning are embodied in these two chapters.According to the interactive ritual chain theory,the ritual sets the situation through the symbol system to trigger the participants’ intuitive emotion.The ritual performance sublimates the intuitive emotion into deep and long-standing emotion,forming group unity and group identity symbols,and then produces a sense of collective belonging and group unity.Symbols always play a basic instrumental role in every link of the interactive process.Chapter 5 of this study focuses on the operational symbols and analyzes the sound symbols in the ceremony-music and speech.Music,including the national anthem and the school anthem,has a specific symbolic meaning.The speech more specifically integrates the values of the school and the country.The two sound symbols of music and speech connect the individual,the school and the country,so that the individual’s emotion has a higher and deeper sustenance.The significance of ritual construction-the maintenance of group identity,group values and cultural spirit-is also shared in the process of empathy and resonance.This study obtains and further clarifies these views through analysis: symbolic symbols can generate meaning in interaction and social practice so that it can be shared.The interaction based on symbolic symbols can produce and preserve culture,expand interaction,and then promote the formation of society.Ritual is the most abundant situation of symbolic symbols.Therefore,ritual communication is of great significance to cultural inheritance and maintenance;Ritual communication has certain patterns and routines,the formal criticism of ritual communication may not be as significant as paying attention to the generation and interpretation of symbolic meaning,because it has important practical significance to improve the effect of ritual communication.更多还原