【作者】 朱莉；

【导师】 张雷生；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 高等教育学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪90年代以来,随着经济全球化竞争的日益激烈,创新型人才争夺伊始。高等教育作为国家发展的智力支持,在提升国际竞争力和国际地位方面的作用日渐凸显。各个国家和地区的政府为提升本国高校的科学研究能力、人才培养质量都相继出台了一系列高等教育发展的政策举措,从而推进本国高校在国际大学排行榜上获得一席之地。作为一个秉持“教育立国”理念的东亚国家,大韩民国政府就把先前的教育人力资源部和韩国科学技术部统一改名为韩国教育部,坚持“教育优先”作为经济社会中创新技术与发展的基本战略。自金泳三的文民政府之后,韩国又经历了金大中、卢武炫、李明博、朴槿惠、文在寅等历任总统的更替,但培养国家尖端技术产业的高水平技术人才,加强研究生教育阶段的培养质量,建设世界一流大学始终是韩国经济社会发展及高等教育改革的核心议题。自1999年起实施的“21世纪智慧韩国工程(Brain Korea 21^st Century Project)”是最富影响力、持续时间最长的韩国政府建设世界一流大学的代表性政策。本研究以“21世纪智慧韩国工程（以下简称韩国‘BK21工程’）”政策及其变迁历程为研究对象,遵循描述性研究与解释性研究相结合的工作思路,查阅掌握韩国教育部、韩国国家研究基金会、韩国教育发展研究所、韩国教育统计服务系统等网站发布的官方数据资料,采用文献研究法和历史分析法对韩国“BK21工程”政策进行较为深入地研究。从韩国“BK21工程”政策各个阶段变化过程研究为出发点,将韩国“BK21工程”政策与约翰·W·金登的多源流理论研究框架相结合,分别从问题源流、政策源流和政治源流三个维度出发,分析该政策变化的动力因素及顺利打开政策之窗的过程,为完善我国世界一流大学政策议程设置提供新的视角。经研究发现,韩国“BK21工程”政策的问题源流主要是针对于衡量国际竞争力的重要指标出现异常并伴随着相关政策的反馈。尽管高等教育规模急剧加大,但是其质量令人堪忧,教育教学与科学研究能力亟需提升。政策源流则由包括政府部门和专家学者在内的政策共同体的建议、政策企业家开启发表文章、提出议案和专题研讨会等方面的软化活动、地方政府和中央政府执行效果的积累组成。政治源流是由历届执政党的理念与国民情绪的变化构成的。三条源流不断发展,彼此之间相互影响、相互作用,最终实现三条源流的汇合,从而推动了韩国“BK21工程”政策不断适应经济社会发展的背景,实现政策的动态变化。由此获得多源流理论视角下我国“双一流”建设的启示:重视问题源流,精准定位政策发展方向,制定科学的政策评估标准,在信息公开平台上及时反馈政策实施效果,保障政策信息透明化。梳理政策源流,正确选取政策最优方案,注重资源配置的公平性,缩小区域发展间的差距。依托政治源流,营造正向社会舆论氛围,发挥政府主导作用,拓宽社会民众的信息反馈渠道,提升社会民众政策参与度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1990s,with the increasingly fierce competition of economic globalization,the competition for innovative talents had begun.As the intellectual support of national development,higher education plays an increasingly prominent role in improving international competitiveness and international status.The governments of various countries and regions have successively issued a series of policies and measures for the development of higher education in order to enhance the scientific research ability and talent training quality of their universities to promote their universities to gain a place in the international university rankings.As an East Asian country upholding the concept of"building a country through education",the government of the Republic of Korea renamed the former Ministry of education and human resources and the Ministry of science and technology of the Republic of Korea as the Ministry of education of the Republic of Korea,and took"education first"as the basic strategy for innovation,technology and development in economic society.After Jin Yongsan’s Wen Min government,Korea has gone through the succession of successive Presidents such as Kim Dae-jung,Lu Wuxuan,Lee Myung-bak,Pu Jinhui,Moon Jae-in.But training high-level technical talents in the state-of-the-art technology industry,strengthening the quality of graduate education,and building world-class universities have been the core issue of Korean economic and social development and higher education reform.The"Brain Korea 21^st Century Project"implemented since 1999 is the most influential and longest lasting representative policy of the Korean government to build a world-class university.This study takes the"Brain Korea 21^st Century Project"（hereinafter referred to as‘BK21 Project’policy）and its change process as the research object,follows the working idea of combining descriptive research and explanatory research,and consults and grasps the official data published by the South Korean Ministry of education,the South Korean national research foundation,the South Korean Institute of education development,the South Korean education statistics service system and other websites,Using the method of literature research,this paper makes a more in-depth study on the policy of"BK21 Project"in South Korea.Starting from the research on the change process of each stage of‘BK21 Project’policy,according to the four stages of‘BK21 Project’policy,and using scientific research methods such as historical analysis and literature method,this paper combines‘BK21Project’policy with John W.Kingdom’s multi-source flow theoretical research framework,starting from the three dimensions of problem source,policy source and political source respectively,This paper analyzes the dynamic factors of the policy change and the process of smoothly opening the policy window,so as to provide a new perspective for improving the policy agenda setting of China’s world-class universities.The study found that the source of the problem is mainly aimed at the abnormality of important indicators to measure international competitiveness,accompanied by the feedback of relevant policies.Although the scale of higher education has increased sharply,its quality is worrying,and the ability of education,teaching and scientific research needs to be improved.The policy source consists of the suggestions of the policy community including government departments,experts and scholars,the softening activities of policy entrepreneurs in launching and publishing articles,putting forward proposals and special seminars,and the accumulation of the implementation effect of local governments and central governments.The political origin is composed of the ideas of successive ruling parties and the changes of national mood.The three sources develop continuously,influence and interact with each other,and finally realize the confluence of the three sources,which promotes the South Korean"BK21project"policy to continuously adapt to the background of economic and social development and realize the dynamic change of the policy.From this,we can get the Enlightenment of Chinese"double first-class"construction from the perspective of multi-source flow theory:pay attention to the source of problems,accurately locate the direction of policy development,formulate scientific policy evaluation standards,timely feedback the effect of policy implementation on the information disclosure platform,and ensure the transparency of policy information.Sort out the origin of policies,correctly select the best policy scheme,pay attention to the fairness of resource allocation,and narrow the gap between regional development.Relying on the political origin,we should create a positive atmosphere of public opinion,give play to the leading role of the government,broaden the information feedback channels of the public,and enhance the participation of the public in policies.更多还原