节点文献
自主供能感知微系统的研究与设计
【作者】 张成；
【导师】 黄晓华；
【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2021， 硕士
【摘要】 无线传感节点作为一种集成感知、处理和无线通讯功能的一体化系统,在环境监测、工农业生产和医疗监护等方面都有着十分广泛的作用,然而传感节点所使用的电池由于其电量和容量损耗问题严重影响着传感节点的体积和使用寿命。为了解决这些问题,本文进行了以下几方面的研究工作。为降低系统的功耗,缓解锂离子电池的电量压力,本文系统采用自唤醒的方式进行工作,因此本文利用压电原理和多模态耦合技术设计了一款低频振动传感器,系统只有在低频振动信号的作用下才能工作。通过对传感器的模拟仿真和实验测试,验证了传感器的结构的可行性。在能量存储方面,采用太阳能电池为系统供电,解决电池电量不足的问题,利用锂离子电池和超级电容器作为储能装置,缓解电池输出压力。为了解决锂离子电池容量损耗问题,本文以功率为基础对系统各部分模块进行了分析并建立了数学模型,同时提出了一种完全自适应能量管理算法。为了使得完全自适应能量管理算法能够取得良好的效果,本文利用粒子群算法以锂离子电池容量损耗最低为目标对算法的参数进行了优化,通过对完全自适应能量管理算法仿真分析验证了算法的可行性。最终,本文根据能量管理算法对感知系统进行了软硬件设计,通过实验测试对感知系统的各部分功能进行了验证,通过3D打印技术实现了感知系统的成型设计。
【Abstract】 As an integrated system integrating sensing,processing and wireless communication functions,wireless sensor node plays a very wide role in environmental monitoring,industrial and agricultural production,medical monitoring and other aspects.However,the battery used by the sensor node has a serious impact on the volume and service life of the sensor node due to its capacity and capacity loss.In order to solve these problems,this paper has carried out the following research work.In order to reduce the power consumption of the system and relieve the power pressure of the lithium-ion battery,the system in this paper adopts a self-awakening method to work.Therefore,this paper designs a low-frequency vibration sensor based on piezoelectric principles and multi-modal coupling technology,which can work under the action of low frequency vibration signal.The feasibility of the structure of the sensor is verified by the simulation and experiment test of the sensor.In terms of energy storage,the solar panel is used to power the system to solve the problem of battery power shortage.A lithium-ion battery and a super-capacitor are used as an energy storage device to relieve battery output power pressure.In order to solve the capacity loss problem of the lithium-ion battery,this paper analyzes each module of the system based on the power and establishes a mathematical model.At the same time,a fully adaptive energy management algorithm is proposed.In order to make the fully adaptive energy management algorithm can achieve good results,particle swarm optimization algorithm is used in this paper to optimize the parameters of the algorithm with the minimum capacity loss of lithium ion battery as the target.The feasibility of the fully adaptive energy management algorithm.is verified through simulation analysis.Finally,this paper designs the software and hardware of the perception system according to the energy management algorithm,verifies the functions of each part of the perception system through experimental tests,and realizes the overall design of the perception system through 3D printing technology.