【作者】 王涛；

【导师】 刘国晖；

【作者基本信息】 安徽财经大学 ， 国际商务（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要》指出,要“把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑,同时要加快形成以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研用深度融合的技术创新体系。”这一表述以宏观视野清晰地指明了建立以企业为主体的技术创新体系对于我国现代化发展的重要意义。而从微观实践上看,企业的技术创新往往是产学研单位合作开发的结果,而且技术创新的结果又经常表现为各种技术标准的订立。可以说,正是由核心企业组建的标准合作网络反映了以企业为主体、产学研深度融合的技术创新体系的本质特征。创新和标准在现代化建设的过程中不可或缺,技术创新是技术标准的基础,同时技术标准也可以推动创新,将创新成果转向现实生产力。我国技术标准大多由多个起草单位合作制定,这些存在合作关系以及产生关联的不同单位及组织,在标准合作过程中形成了标准合作网络,那么在标准合作网络中必然会涉及到不同标准起草单位间知识、信息、技术等资源的传递和交换合作。在这一背景下,标准合作网络结构特征如何影响科技企业的技术创新水平,是一个十分重要但尚未得到足够研究的命题。近年来,随着华为公司全球业务的不断拓展,华为也在持续加强与重要国际标准组织合作,参与全球行业标准的制定,共同促进全球技术进步和产业升级,这对于我国科技企业更好地参与标准合作以及提升创新能力具有重要借鉴意义。因此本文在梳理了标准合作以及科技企业创新能力相关文献的基础上,提出研究假设,接着运用社会网络分析法和华为2001-2019年相关标准起草数据,构建华为标准合作网络,探究华为标准合作网络发展的历史脉络及网络结构特征,分别从网络整体、网络个体两个不同层面,对华为标准合作网络的结构特征进行了测度和分析。然后立足于企业个体,利用华为2011-2019年标准合作网络中各合作企业的网络特征、专利数量等面板数据,构建负二项回归模型,实证分析科技企业标准合作网络结构特征对企业创新能力的影响。本文最终的研究结论如下:华为标准合作网络呈现显著的阶段性特征,标准数量、网络规模和标准起草单位合作伙伴数量都在不断上升,不同时期不同类型的标准起草单位在标准合作网络中的地位不尽相同。企业、高校、研究机构之间的合作越来越频繁,其中企业类起草单位在华为标准合作网络中始终占据主导地位,发挥越来越重要的作用。但网络密度并没有表现出增长趋势,说明标准合作网络紧密程度尚显不足,起草单位间的联系有进一步加强的空间。并且从实证结果来看,华为标准合作网络的结构特征对企业创新能力的影响较为显著,其中度数中心度对企业创新能力呈正向影响;中介中心度对企业创新能力呈倒U型影响;结构洞对企业创新能力呈正向影响;技术标准化能力对企业创新能力呈正向影响。最后在上述研究结论基础上,本文结合实际,从政府、产业、企业三个维度,为中国科技企业参与标准合作以及提升创新能力提供政策建议和决策依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The outline of the 14 th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 pointed out that “we should take self-reliance and selfimprovement in science and technology as the strategic support for national development,and at the same time,we should speed up the formation of a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body,market-oriented and in-depth integration of industry,University,research and application.” This statement clearly points out the significance of establishing a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body for the development of Chinese modernization from a macro perspective.From the micro practice,the technological innovation of enterprises is often the result of the cooperative development of industry university research units,and the result of technological innovation is often manifested in the formulation of various technical standards.It can be said that it is the standard cooperation network established by core enterprises that reflects the essential characteristics of the technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body and the deep integration of industries,universities and research departments.Innovation and standards are indispensable in the process of modernization.Technological innovation is the basis of technological standards.At the same time,technological standards can also promote innovation and turn innovative achievements into real productive forces.Most of Chinese technical standards are jointly formulated by multiple drafting units.These different units and organizations with cooperative relations and connections have formed a standard cooperation network in the process of standard cooperation.Then the standard cooperation network will inevitably involve the transmission,exchange and cooperation of knowledge,information,technology and other resources between different standard drafting units.In this context,how the structural characteristics of standard cooperation network affect the technological innovation level of science and technology enterprises is a very important proposition,but it has not been studied enough.In recent years,with the continuous expansion of Huawei’s global business,Huawei has also continued to strengthen cooperation with important international standards organizations,participate in the formulation of global industry standards,and jointly promote global technological progress and industrial upgrading,which has important reference significance for Chinese science and technology enterprises to better participate in standard cooperation and enhance innovation ability.Therefore,on the basis of combing the literature related to standard cooperation and the innovation ability of science and technology enterprises,this paper puts forward research hypotheses,then constructs Huawei standard cooperation network by using social network analysis method and Huawei’s relevant standard drafting data from 2001 to2019,and explores the historical context and network structure characteristics of the development of Huawei standard cooperation network This paper measures and analyzes the structural characteristics of Huawei standard cooperation network from two different levels of network individuals.Then,based on individual enterprises,using the panel data such as the network characteristics and the number of patents of each cooperative enterprise in Huawei’s standard cooperation network from 2011 to 2019,this paper constructs a negative binomial regression model to empirically analyze the impact of the structural characteristics of the standard cooperation network of science and technology enterprises on the innovation ability of enterprises.The final research conclusions of this paper are as follows: Huawei’s standard cooperation network presents significant phased characteristics.The number of standards,network scale and the number of partners of standard drafting units are increasing.Different types of standard drafting units have different positions in the standard cooperation network in different periods,and the cooperation among enterprises,universities and research institutions is becoming more and more frequent,Among them,enterprise drafting units have always occupied a dominant position in Huawei’s standard cooperation network and played an increasingly important role.However,the network density does not show an increasing trend,indicating that the tightness of the standard cooperation network is still insufficient,and there is room for further strengthening the relationship between drafting units.From the empirical results,the structural characteristics of Huawei’s standard cooperation network have a significant impact on enterprise innovation ability,and the degree centrality has a positive impact on enterprise innovation ability;Intermediary centrality has an inverted U-shaped impact on enterprise innovation ability;Structural hole has a positive impact on enterprise innovation ability;Technology standardization ability has a positive impact on enterprise innovation ability.Finally,based on the above research conclusions,combined with practice,this paper provides policy suggestions and decision-making basis for Chinese science and technology enterprises to participate in standard cooperation and enhance innovation ability from the three dimensions of government,industry and enterprises.更多还原