【作者】 张慧；

【导师】 王德新；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 个人信息以可识别性为显著特征,现代信息技术的发展与公民权利意识的增强使得个人一般信息越来越具有敏感性。在司法层面确认个人信息利益保护,对个人信息诉权保障、规范个人信息处理活动、促进个人信息合理利用具有现实意义。个人信息利益是一项独立的民事利益,兼具私益属性与公益属性、人格属性与财产属性。由于立法的滞后性与个人信息救济诉求的迫切性之间的矛盾,个人信息保护有必要完成从“立法救济”到“司法救济”的转换。实践中大量的个人信息纠纷并未通过个人信息权诉讼的形式获得法院的审理。个人信息案件司法实践存在信息主体因于法无据而消极起诉,超越信息合理适用范围滥用诉权,大量的个人信息救济诉求淹没在合同、类合同、物权等纠纷中难以获得法院明确回应,通过其他人格权的方式难以获得周延救济等问题。个人信息纠纷立案应结合我国起诉条件的包容性。一方面弱化职权主义因素,坚持诉状的形式审查;另一方面对不存在诉讼障碍情形的个人信息纠纷积极立案。此外,针对合理范围内的信息使用行为起诉及其他滥诉现象,可通过裁定驳回起诉、裁定中止审理实现案件过滤。通过司法途径能够实现个人信息利益救济的及时性、灵活性和针对性。司法实践中法官支持个人信息利益诉求遵循顺序逻辑:首先是在个人信息诉求与已有权利类型存在交叉情况下,通过既有权利资源救济;其次在既有权利无法涵射个人信息诉求时,直接确认个人信息权。理论上,个人信息利益司法救济的裁判路径有权利诉求+法院支持的模式、通过一般人格权或其他人格权救济个人信息利益、通过确认信息主体的权利救济个人信息利益、直接在判决中认可个人信息权四种方式。个人信息利益的司法救济应遵循一定限度,应充分尊重和利用现有权利资源,避免过度僭越立法职能造成权利话语泛滥;遵循利益衡量原则,实现个人信息保护与信息合理利用的价值兼顾。更多还原

【Abstract】 Personal information refers to all kinds of information related to identified or identifiable natural persons recorded electronically or in other ways.Personal information is characterized by identificability.The development of modern information technology and the enhancement of citizens’ awareness of rights make personal general information more and more sensitive.The confirmation of personal information right at the legal level is of practical significance to the protection of personal information litigation right,the standardization of personal information processing activities and the promotion of rational use of personal information.Due to the contradiction between the lag of legislation and the reality of personal information relief,it is necessary to complete the transformation of personal information protection from "legislative relief" to "judicial relief".In practice,a large number of personal information disputes have not been tried by the court in the form of personal information right litigation.Personal information there case in judicial practice existence information subject method and negative charges,information beyond the reasonable scope of abuse of litigation,a lot of personal information relief claims under the contract,such contract,such as property rights dispute is difficult to obtain court clear response,through the way of other personality right is difficult to obtain perfect relief and so on.Filing personal information disputes should be combined with inclusive prosecution conditions in China.On the one hand,weakening the factor of power doctrine,insisting on the formal examination of the complaint;On the other hand,actively file personal information disputes without litigation obstacles.In addition,cases can be filtered by ruling rejection of prosecution or suspension of trial for prosecution of information use behavior and other abuses within reasonable scope.Through judicial channels,it can realize the timeliness,flexibility and pertinence of personal information benefit relief.In judicial practice,judges support the appeal of personal information interests to follow the sequential logic: first,when there is a cross between the appeal of personal information and the existing right types,the existing right resources are used for relief;Secondly,when the existing rights cannot contain personal information demands,the right to personal information is directly confirmed.Theoretically,there are four ways of judicial relief of personal information interest: right appeal + court support mode,relief of personal information interest by general personality right or other personality right,relief of personal information interest by confirming the right of information subject,and recognition of personal information right in judgment.The judicial relief of personal information interests should follow certain limits,and the existing rights resources should be fully respected and utilized to avoid overstepping the legislative functions and causing the overflow of rights discourse.Follow the principle of interest measurement to realize the value of personal information protection and rational use of information.更多还原