【作者】 张蕾；

【导师】 刘旭光；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 档案学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 单士魁与单士元兄弟(以下简称“单氏兄弟”)是民国著名档案学人中唯一一对在故宫成长为档案学家、明清史学家的同胞兄弟,是中国档案学的奠基者和开拓者,是近现代中国档案事业的领航者。系统研究单氏兄弟档案思想,能够明晰他们对中国档案学和档案事业的贡献,发掘其思想的时代价值,为现代档案工作者和档案学者提供有效借鉴。本文以辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义为指导思想,综合运用文献研究法、比较研究法、访谈法、跨学科研究法等研究方法,力求展现单氏兄弟档案思想的全貌。文章详细论述单氏兄弟档案思想的形成条件,包括历史考证思潮的兴起、故宫博物院的成立、民国初期内阁大库档案整理等时代背景,以及单氏兄弟的成长经历、学习经历与档案工作经历等主观条件。文章梳理单氏兄弟档案思想的主要内容,归纳总结单氏兄弟档案思想在档案价值观、档案整理思想、档案文献编纂思想、档案学术研究思想等方面的共同性,探析其在档案利用服务思想、看重专门档案等方面的差异性,在比较中清晰勾勒单氏兄弟档案思想。单氏兄弟档案思想独具特色,具有接受并坚持以马列主义为思想指导、爱国主义色彩浓厚、坚持史档结合、问题意识强烈、重视合作研究等特点。除整理与保护明清档案外,单氏兄弟在档案目录学和明清档案史研究方面作出杰出学术贡献。单士元首倡档案目录学,单士魁参与档案释名和历史档案目录编制,单氏兄弟共同促成现代明清档案辞解的编纂,以档案释名为发端,为编制历史档案目录搭建基础理论框架,丰富档案学的学科生态。他们重视抄录与刊布档案史料,研究明清档案史,追溯“档案”词源,为明清历史研究提供大量档案史料,开拓清代文书档案制度的研究方向,厘清清代文书档案制度的基本内容。单氏兄弟具有坚定的道德意志和高尚的道德品质,坚守档案职业道德,为档案工作者树立道德榜样。单氏兄弟档案思想形成、发展、成熟于20世纪,部分理论对现代档案工作的指导作用逐渐减弱,其中的思想精髓仍能为现代档案工作者与档案学者带来重要启示:增强档案馆的服务功能,提高档案工作者的科研能力,坚守高尚的档案职业道德。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Brothers Shan Shikui and Shan Shiyuan(hereinafter referred to as the"Shan brothers")are the only pair of brothers among the famous archivists of the Republic of China,who grew up to become archivists and historians of the Ming and Qing dynasties in the Forbidden City.They are the founders and pioneers of Chinese archival science,and the navigators of the archival cause of China.Systematic study of the Archival Thought of the Shan Brothers can clarify their contributions to China’s archival science and archival undertakings,explore the epochal value of their ideas,and provide effective reference for modern archivists and archivists.Taking dialectical materialism and historical materialism as the guiding ideology,this thesis comprehensively uses the literature research method,comparative research method,interview method and interdisciplinary research method to objectively show the whole picture of the Shan brothers’ archival thought.The article discusses in detail the conditions for the formation of the Shan brothers’archival thought,including the rise of the historical research trend,the establishment of the Palace Museum,the collation of the cabinet archives and other objective conditions,as well as the growth experience of them,learning experience and archival work experience and other subjective conditions.The article sorts out the main contents of the Shan Brothers archival thought,summarizes the commonality of it in terms of archival values,archive collation ideas,archival document compilation ideas,archival research ideas,etc.,explores its differences in the use of archives to serve the service and attaches importance to special archives,and clearly outlines the general situation of it in comparison.The Shan brothers’ archival thought is unique,with the characteristics of accepting and adhering to Marxism-Leninism as the ideological guidance,strong patriotic color,adhering to the combination of historical archives,strong awareness of problems,and being good at cooperative research.In addition to sorting out and protecting the Ming and Qing archives,they made outstanding academic contributions in archival bibliography and the study of the history of Ming and Qing archives.Shan Shiyuan initiated archival bibliography,Shan Shikui participated in the interpretation of archives and the compilation of historical archives catalogs.They jointly promoted the compilation of modern Ming and Qing dynasty archival dictionaries,starting from the release of archives to build a basic theoretical framework for the compilation of historical archives catalogs,and enriching the discipline ecology of archival science.They attach importance to the transcription and publication of archival historical materials,provide a large number of archival historical materials for the study of Ming and Qing dynasty history.They study the history of Ming and Qing archives,trace the etymology of "archives",open up the research direction of the Qing Dynasty documents and archives system,and clarify the basic content of the system.The Shan brothers have a firm and authentic German and noble moral character,adhere to the archival professional ethics,and set a moral example for archivists.The formation,development and maturity of the Shan brothers’ archival thought in the 20th century,the guiding role of some theories in modern archival work has gradually weakened,and the ideological essence of it can still bring important enlightenment to contemporary archivists and archivists:improve the scientific research ability of archivists,enhance the service function of archives,and patriotic dedication,adhere to noble archival professional ethics.更多还原