【作者】 谢丽娟；

【导师】 马瑞； 张志丹；

【作者基本信息】 长沙理工大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 能源互联网背景下,随着对综合能源系统优化的大力推进,在园区综合能源系的运营优化中,其能源运营商(Integrated Energy System operators,IESO)与用户(Energy user,EU)之间能源交易的定价研究备受关注,同时,随着电力市场的进一步开放,园区运营商参与市场交易已成为必然趋势,其相应竞价策略值得探讨,因此兼顾双边效益最优化前提下的定价和竞价方法研究具有重大意义。而经济学中的博弈论方法成为解决经济优化问题的重要手段,为此论文做出如下研究:首先,对园区综合能源系统能源运营各参与主体,对园区能源运营商、用户及外部能量网络进行分析建模,包括园区各类能量生产、转换、存储设备数学模型、与外部网络交互模型和用户模型,并分别对其工作原理进行了简要阐述,为本文第三四章关于园区能源系统售电建模奠定了基础,同时引入了博弈论理论基础,着重阐述了 Stackelberg博弈的原理,建立了 Stackelberg博弈标准模型,为本文第三四章园区能源系统针对园区用户和市场用户的售电策略求解建立了基本思路。其次,提出一种基于Stackelberg双层博弈的园区运营商定价模型,上层优化运营商能源价格,下层优化用户负荷曲线,在运营商模型中考虑电转气技术(Power to Gas,P2G),P2G可促进电、气多类型能源灵活需求响应。建立的园区交易价量双层博弈模型,兼顾了园区运营商和用户双方效益的前提下,能有效输出当日实时最优电价和最优用能需求。提出采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法求解双层博弈模型,能迅速收敛并获得某种状态下运营商和用户间价量最佳NASH均衡点,为园区运营商定价问题提供了可行方案。同时探讨了在P2G技术参与下,园区内部购气量和P2G功率曲线呈负相关,证明P2G技术在博弈模型中优化了运营商效益。最后,提出一种基于Stackelberg双层博弈的园区运营商参与市场交互的竞价模型,上层以价差利润最大化为目标优化运营商投标电价和电量,下层以市场日运行成本最小为目标优化电力市场出清结果,建立了运营商参与市场模型,电力市场出清模型,包括电力市场径向拓扑模型、线性化的分支流模型计算潮流,提出将本质为均衡约束规划问题(MECP)转化为线性规划问题(MILP)求解,最后算例通过构建一个综合能源系统运营商IESO接入IEEE33节点配电网系统联合仿真,对其结果分析证明竞价模型能有效输出电力市场出清结果和运营商竞价投标方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the background of energy Internet,with the vigorous promotion of comprehensive energy system optimization,in the operation optimization of the comprehensive energy department in the park,Research on pricing of Energy transactions between Integrated Energy System operators(IESO)and Energy users(EU)has attracted much attention.At the same time,with the further opening of the power market,it has become an inevitable trend for operators of the park to participate in market transactions.The corresponding bidding strategy is worthy of discussion,so it is of great significance to study the pricing and bidding method under the premise of optimizing bilateral benefits.The method of game theory in economics has become an important means to solve the problem of economic optimization,so this paper makes the following research:First of all,to the park integrated energy system energy operating each participation main body,the park energy operators,users and network analysis model,external energy park including various mathematical model of the energy production,conversion,storage devices,and the external network interaction model and user model,and its working principle were briefly reviewed in this paper,the,It lays a foundation for the modeling of electricity sales in the energy system of the park in Chapter 3 and 4 of this paper.Meanwhile,it introduces the theoretical basis of game theory,elaborates the principle of Stackelberg game,and establishes the standard model of Stackelberg game,which establishes a basic idea for solving the electricity sales strategy of the energy system of the park in Chapter 3 and 4 of this paper for users in the park and the market.Secondly,a pricing model of park operators based on Stackelberg two-layer game is proposed.The upper layer optimizes the energy price of operators,while the lower layer optimizes the user load curve.In the operator model,Power to Gas(P2G)technology is considered,and P2G can promote flexible demand response of multi-types of energy.The two-level game model of trade price and volume in the park can effectively output the optimal real-time electricity price and the optimal energy demand on the same day on the premise of taking into account the benefits of both the park operators and users.NSGA-II algorithm is proposed to solve the two-layer game model,which can quickly converge and obtain the optimal Nash equilibrium point of price and volume between operators and users in a certain state,providing a feasible solution for the pricing problem of operators in the park.At the same time,it is discussed that with the participation of P2G technology,there is a negative correlation between the gas purchase volume in the park and the P2G power curve,which proves that P2G technology optimizes the operator’s benefit in the game model.Finally,based on a Stackelberg double game park operators to participate in bidding model of market interaction,upper to spread profit maximization as the goal to optimize operators bidding price and quantity,the lower the minimum market day running cost as the objective optimization of electric power market clearing result,operators involved in the market model is established,power market clearing model,The radial topological model of the power market and the linear branch flow model are used to calculate the power flow,and the equilibrium constrained programming problem(MECP)is transformed into linear programming problem(MILP).Finally,an integrated energy system operator,IESO and IEEE33 node distribution network system co-simulation is constructed for the example.The analysis of the results shows that the bidding model can effectively output the power market clearing results and operators’ bidding schemes.更多还原