【作者】 杨洁；

【导师】 曹飞； 何英华；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 公共管理硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,中国正以惊人的速度向现代化强国迈进,而城市化作为现代化进程中不可逾越的阶段,既是社会经济发展的结果,也是推动社会经济前进的动力。1980年以来,中国城市化发展迅速,城市数量不断增长,城市组织体系及空间布局变化惊人,全国各地各市在大规模城市扩张的同时也进行着大量的城市改造,城市空间结构正经历前所未有的变化。面对发展,面对进步,城市中已然落后的元素就应不断更新。棚户区改造作为一项造福百姓的公益事业,作为城市发展的有效手段,在提升城市居民居住条件、改善城市面貌、助力城市发展中扮演着极为重要的作用,而房屋征收与补偿作为改造过程中不可或缺的阶段,更是为城市发展做出了巨大贡献。X市位于关中平原的核心位置,这里地形开阔、水源丰富、土壤肥沃,作为一个历史古城,城中村、棚户区一直是阻碍城市发展的因素之一。按照西部大发展的要求,通过多年的努力实践,X市探索出一套符合自身实际情况的改造模式,即“政府主导、市场运作、整体拆除、安置先行、有形无形改造并重”,并在实践中取得了显著成效。当前,面对城市化进程及社会经济的不断发展,X市对土地的需求量不断增加,而房屋征收补偿工作却依然困难重重。由于各方利益不能高度统一,产生了许多群体性事件,严重影响经济社会健康发展,对城市改造十分不利。为了解决征收补偿存在的问题,推动棚户区改造进程,在一定程度上助力城市发展,关于征收补偿问题的研究十分必要。本文着力从房屋征收补偿的基础理论出发,通过文献研究、问卷调查及访谈,以X市棚户区改造项目为背景,结合Y区征收补偿具体情况及案例,在政府公共管理的视角下,系统研究现有模式下该区房屋征收补偿工作现状与成因。发现因为政府与被征收人相互理解程度不高、相关法律制度不健全、政府角色错位、风险应急处理能力不强等原因,导致了征收补偿标准引发的社会矛盾仍然存在、被征收人利益保障不充分、司法推进征收补偿很困难、产权模糊房屋严重影响征收补偿进程。为更好地推动城市改造,助力城市更新,促进城市发展,提出如下对策建议:规范统一征收补偿标准;提高征收补偿透明度;推进司法介入征收补偿机制;细化房屋产权认定相关制度。不断促进政府征收管理的标准化、制度化、秩序化、高效化,公平公正、高效快捷,进而保障各方利益,维持社会稳定,不断提高政府公信力,加速实现建设发展的伟大目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,China is advancing toward a modernized power at an alarming speed.Urbanization,as an inevitable stage in the modernization process,is not only the result of social and economic development,but also a driving force for social and economic progress.Since 1980,China’s urbanization has developed rapidly,the number of cities has continued to grow,and the urban organizational system and spatial layout have changed astonishingly.Cities across the country have undergone large-scale urban expansion while also undergoing a large number of urban transformations.The urban spatial structure is undergoing unprecedented changes.To keep up with development and progress,the already backward elements in the city should be constantly updated.As a public welfare undertaking that benefits the common people and an effective means of urban development,shantytown reconstruction plays an extremely important role in improving the living conditions of urban residents,improving the appearance of the city,and facilitating urban development.Among which,house expropriation is an indispensable stage in the transformation process,and it has made a great contribution to urban development.X City is located at the core of the Guanzhong Plain.It has an open terrain,rich water resources,and fertile soil.As an ancient city,urban villages and shantytowns have always been one of the factors hindering its urban development.In accordance with the requirements of the Great Western Development,through years of hard work,it has explored a set of transformation models that suits its own actual conditions,that is,"government-leading,market-operating,overall demolition,resettlement first,and laying equal stress on both tangible and intangible transformations",and it has achieved remarkable results in practice.At present,in the process of urbanization and the continuous development of social economy,the demand for land in X City is increasing,but the work of housing expropriation is still difficult.Because the interests of all parties can not be highly unified,many group events have occurred,which seriously affect the healthy development of economy and society and is very unfavorable to urban transformation.In order to solve the problems of expropriation compensation,promote the transformation process of shantytowns and help urban development to a certain extent,the research on expropriation compensation is very necessary.Starting from the basic theory of house expropriation and compensation,Through literature research,questionnaire survey and interview,and taking the shantytown reconstruction project in City X as the background,this paper systematically studied the work status and related factors in the housing expropriation in the area under the current model from the perspective of government public management by combining specific circumstances and cases of expropriation and compensation in District Y.It was finded that the lack of mutual understanding between the government and people whose houses are expropriated,the imperfect legal system,the misplaced role of the government,and the weak ability to deal with risks have led to the social contradictions caused by the expropriation compensation standard still exist,the interests of the expropriated are not fully guaranteed,it is difficult to promote the expropriation compensation by justice,and the property right is vague,which seriously affects the expropriation compensation process.In order to better promote urban transformation,help urban renewal,and promote urban development,these measures were proposed:standardize and unify expropriation compensation standards;improve the transparency of expropriation compensation;promote judicial intervention in expropriation compensation mechanisms;refine the relevant systems for housing property rights confirmation.By continuously promoting the standardization,institutionalization,orderliness,efficiency and fairness of government expropriation management,we can protect the interests of all parties,maintain social stability,improve government credibility and accelerate the realization of the great goal of construction and development.更多还原