【作者】 曾丹；

【导师】 董正爱；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 法律（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 目前随着我国经济社会的快速发展,生态环境损害问题日益凸显,修复生态环境损害迫在眉睫。生态环境修复作为救济生态环境损害的方式之一,不同于民法中的恢复原状,它额外承担生态环境功能的修复。其中修复需要资金支持,生态环境修复基金将生态环境修复与基金进行融合,满足生态环境修复工作的资金需求。生态环境损害引起了人们对生态环境修复的重视,基于以修复被损害生态环境为名的生态环境修复资金越来越多。但是目前生态环境修复资金体系涌现出各种问题,因此我国各地开始探索以基金的方式管理生态环境修复资金。然而我国对生态环境修复基金制度尚未有国家层面的法律规制,因此各地展开了不同实践,暴露出我国目前生态环境修复基金制度存在的一些问题,包括法律供应不足、现有基金模式存在缺陷、资金支持渠道匮乏、使用不明确等问题,阻碍生态环境损害的有效修复和治理。通过对学界和各地实践经验综合分析,可以探索构建一条统一的生态环境修复基金制度路径。构建我国生态环境修复基金制度,首先,应该完善生态环境修复基金的相关立法,为构建统一的综合性生态环境修复基金提供法律依据;其次,明确社会化、多元化的基金管理,设立专门管理机构,采用“基金会”组织结构,由财政部门领导,细分基金组成,明确基本基金、专项基金、投资基金三种类型基金,并完善相应法律予以支持;再次,拓展现有资金支持渠道,保障生态环境修复基金的来源充足;再次,明确基金的使用范围以及使用程序,优化基金的增值方式;最后,创新监督机制,引入多元主体共同监督机制,确保生态环境修复基金制度发挥切实有效的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,with the rapid development of China’s economy and society,the problem of ecological and environmental damage is becoming more and more prominent,and repairing ecological and environmental damage is urgent.As one of the ways to remedy ecological damage,ecological restoration is different from the restoration of the original state in civil law,which additionally undertakes the restoration of ecological and environmental functions.Among them,restoration requires financial support,and the ecological restoration fund integrates ecological restoration with the fund to meet the financial needs of ecological restoration work.Ecological damage has drawn attention to ecological restoration,based on the increasing number of ecological restoration funds in the name of repairing damaged ecological environment.However,various problems have emerged in the current ecological restoration fund system,so various parts of China have begun to explore the management of ecological restoration funds in the form of funds.However,there is no national legal regulation of the ecological restoration fund system in China,so different practices have been carried out in different places,revealing some problems of the current ecological restoration fund system in China,including insufficient legal supply,deficiencies in the operation of existing fund practices,lack of financial support channels,unclear use,and conflicting public interest and profit demands,which hinder the effective restoration and management of ecological environmental damage.The problems include inadequate supply of laws,deficiencies in the operation of existing funds,lack of financial support channels,lack of clarity in the use of funds,and conflicts between the public interest and the need for profit.Through a comprehensive analysis of academic and local practical experiences,a unified ecological restoration fund system path can be explored.To build China’s ecological restoration fund system,firstly,we should improve the legislation on ecological restoration fund and provide legal basis for building a unified and comprehensive ecological restoration fund.Secondly,to clarify the social and diversified fund management,establish a special management body,adopt a "foundation" organizational structure under the leadership of the finance department,subdivide the fund composition,clarify the basic fund,special fund,and investment fund,and improve the corresponding laws to support the fund.Lastly,we should introduce an innovative monitoring mechanism and a multi-disciplinary monitoring mechanism to ensure that the eco-environmental restoration fund system plays an effective role.更多还原