【作者】 陈露；

【导师】 沈玉顺；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 在国家“推动普通高中多样化发展”“鼓励普通高中办出特色”政策内容指示下,通过推动普通高中特色化以此促进我国普通高中教育改革发展,逐渐成为我国各地区教育行政部门的重要政策选择。上海市于2011年正式启动特色普通高中建设与评估项目,随后分批逐步推进特色普通高中创建,与其他地区成功经验相比较,上海市推进普通高中特色化建设发展的做法别具特色,集中体现在分类推进建设、选择特定层次学校培育特色、大力度政策支持及成功创建的特色普通高中学校数量较少。上海市推进特色普通高中的创建对于深化上海市普通高中教育改革发展,充分发挥上海市在我国基础教育改革发展道路上探路者、引领者和示范者角色,从而推进我国普通高中教育改革发展具有重要意义。截止2020年3月,上海市教委共命名12所特色普通高中,本研究以这12所特色普通高中的建设实践为研究对象,在文献研究基础上,将上海市特色普通高中建设置于上海乃至我国普通高中教育发展背景中,采用质性研究方法,系统搜集调查上海市特色普通高中建设的相关政策和实践,尝试多视角、全方位描述、总结、分析上海市特色普通高中建设的做法、成效与经验,深度发掘上海市推进普通高中特色化发展经验的意义和价值。研究发现,上海市特色普通高中建设的主要特点是政府主导、定点培育、政策扶持、专业指导、逐层建设、稳步推进。特色普通高中建设成效显著:在普通高中教育系统层面,打破原来固有的分层格局,构建了上海市普通高中学校分层与分类共举、优质与特色并存的发展新格局,特色化也成为上海市普通高中教育可持续发展的新目标;在学校层面,学生专业素养和综合能力、教师队伍专业素养得到显著提升,学校找到了新发展方向,初步形成独特办学优势,学校育人体系得以优化,实现办学质量的整体提高。上海市推动特色普通高中创建的成功经验可概括为政府主导,政策扶持;合理规划,分类建设;梯次建设,逐步强化;长期努力,稳步推进。研究表明,特色普通高中正逐步成为上海市普通高中教育一种新的办学类型,特色普通高中的创建初步打破上海市普通高中教育原有的同质分层发展格局,多样化有特色的普通高中办学格局开始形成;办学特色逐步成为上海市普通高中教育质量的新维度,特色化发展成为上海市普通高中教育发展的新特征;上海市通过创建特色普通高中,推动特定层次普通高中学校实现办学质量和整体发展水平的层级跃升,由此形成促进普通高中特色化发展的独特的上海经验;上海市通过特色普通高中建设推进普通高中教育多样化特色化发展的经验,对于我国普通高中教育的发展具有丰富的借鉴和启发意义。从另一方面看,上海市已经创建成功的特色普通高中集中在区级实验性示范性高中层次,市级实验性示范性高中和一般普通高中应如何发展?上海市特色普通高中学校数量稳步增长,虽然在教育系统层面为学生提供更多选择,但就特色普通高中学校内部而言,办学资源必然向扩大和强化办学特色的方向倾斜,这是否会影响或限制在校生的选择和个性发展?学校的办学特色与优质教育之间究竟是什么关系?论文对上述问题进行了分析讨论,提出了进一步推动上海普通高中教育发展的相关政策思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the guidance of the national policy content of "promoting the diversified development of ordinary high schools" and "encouraging the distinctive development of ordinary high schools",promoting the educational reform and development of ordinary high schools by promoting the characteristics of ordinary high schools has gradually become an important policy choice for the education administrative departments in all regions of China.In 2011,Shanghai officially launched the construction and evaluation project of characteristic ordinary high schools,and then gradually promoted the establishment of characteristic ordinary high schools in batches.Compared with the successful experience of other regions,the practice of promoting the characteristic construction and development of ordinary high schools in Shanghai has its own characteristics,which are mainly reflected in promoting the construction by classification,selecting schools at specific levels to cultivate characteristics,making great efforts in policy support,and the small number of characteristic high schools successfully established.Promoting the establishment of characteristic ordinary high schools in Shanghai is of great significance for deepening the education reform and development of Shanghai ordinary high schools,giving full play to the role of Shanghai as the pathfinder,leader and demonstrator on the road of basic education reform and development in China,and thus promoting the education reform and development of China’s ordinary high schools.As of March 2020,Shanghai Municipal Education Commission has named a total of 12 characteristic ordinary high schools,this research takes the construction practice of these 12 characteristic ordinary high schools as the research object.On the basis of literature research,this research puts the construction of Shanghai characteristic ordinary high school in the background of Shanghai and even China’s ordinary high school education development,adopts qualitative research methods,systematically collects and investigates the relevant policies and practices of the construction of Shanghai characteristic ordinary high school,and tries to describe,summarize and analyze the practice,effectiveness and experience of the construction of Shanghai characteristic ordinary high school from multiple perspectives,To deeply explore the significance and value of the experience of promoting the development of the characteristics of ordinary high schools in Shanghai.It’s found that the main characteristics of the construction of Shanghai characteristic ordinary high schools are government leading,fixed cultivation,policy support,professional guidance,layer by layer construction and steady progress.The construction of characteristic high schools has achieved remarkable results: at the level of ordinary high school education system,it has broken the original inherent hierarchical pattern,constructed a new pattern of development in which the stratification and classification of ordinary high schools in Shanghai are carried out together,and the quality and characteristics coexist,and the characteristic has become the new goal of the sustainable development;at the school level,the professional quality and comprehensive ability of students and the professional quality of teachers have been significantly improved,the school has found a new direction of development,initially formed a unique advantage in running a school,and the school education system has been optimized to achieve the overall improvement of the quality of running a school.The successful experience of promoting the establishment of characteristic ordinary high schools in Shanghai can be summarized as government leading and policy support;Reasonable planning and classified construction;Step by step construction and gradually strengthen;Long-term efforts and steady progress.The research shows that the characteristic ordinary high school is gradually becoming a new type of running school in Shanghai,the establishment of characteristic ordinary high school has broken the original homogenous and stratified development pattern of Shanghai,diversified and characteristic pattern of running school has begun to form.The characteristics of running schools have gradually become a new dimension of the educational quality,and the characteristic development has become a new feature of the educational development of Shanghai ordinary high schools.Through the creation of characteristic ordinary high schools,Shanghai promotes the specific level of ordinary high schools to achieve a leap in school running quality and overall development level,thus forming a unique Shanghai experience to promote the characteristic development of ordinary high schools;Shanghai’s experience in promoting the diversified and characteristic development of senior high school education through the construction of characteristic senior high schools is of great significance to the development of senior high school education in China.On the other hand,Shanghai has established a successful high school with characteristics,which is concentrated on the original district level experimental demonstration high school.How should the original experimental demonstration high school and general high school develop? The number of Shanghai characteristic high school has grown steadily.Although more choices are provided for students at the level of education system,the internal resources of running schools will be inclined to the direction of expanding and strengthening the characteristics of running schools.Will this affect or restrict the choice and personality development of students? What is the relationship between the school running characteristics and the high quality education? This paper analyzes and discusses the above problems and puts forward some policy ideas to further promote the development of Shanghai general high school education.更多还原