“懒得、乐得”的语义演变及相关问题研究

【作者】 刘芳；

【导师】 周红；

【作者基本信息】 上海财经大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 情态范畴是学界研究的热点,能性述补结构是汉语表达情态义的重要方式。熟语性能性述补结构“懒得”“乐得”表达动力情态中的主观意愿。本文借鉴情态理论,对其语义演变及其相关问题进行研究,以期推进情态研究。第一章是绪论。主要介绍能性述补结构、“懒得”“乐得”以及情态理论的研究现状,分析前人研究不足,说明本文拟解决的问题、研究思路与方法以及语料来源。第二章是“懒得”的语义演变。“懒得”同形异构,可划分出构成述补结构的“懒得₁”和主观意愿的动词“懒得₂”,并重点对“懒得₂”的情态特征和语义框架进行分析,还阐述“懒得₂”的词汇化历程、演变动因和机制。第三章是“懒得”与“不想/不愿（意）”的情态差异。从回应性意愿与自发性意愿、及身意愿与及他意愿、主观意愿强弱、语义框架差异等情态特征,以及句法分布上进行对比。第四章是“乐得”的语义演变。“乐得”同形异构,可划分出构成述补结构的“乐得₁”和心理意愿类词语“乐得₂”,并重点对“乐得₂”的情态特征和语义框架进行分析,还阐述“乐得₂”的词汇化历程、演变动因和机制。第五章是“乐得”与“乐意”的情态差异。从回应性意愿与自发性意愿、及身意愿与及他意愿、语义框架差异等情态特征,以及句法分布上进行对比。第六章是结语。总结本文的主要观点、创新之处和不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modal categories have always been a hot topic in academic research,and the potential verb-complement construction is frequently used in Chinese to express possibility and modality.Two idiomatic potential verb-complement constructions"Lande（懒得）"and"Lede（乐得）"represent the subjective intention of dynamic modality.In this paper,the modal theory is used for reference to study the semantic evolution and related issues about these two words to promote the research of modality.The first chapter is introduction.This chapter mainly introduces the research status about the potential verb-complement construction,two idiomatic potential verb-complement constructions"Lande（懒得）"and"Lede（乐得）"and the modal theory.Besides,it also analyzes the shortcomings of previous studies and explains the problems to be solved in this paper,as well as the research methods and corpus sources.The second chapter is about the semantic evolution of"Lande（懒得）"."Lande（懒得）"has two homographic patterns,one is verb-complement construction,which is called"Lande 1（懒得₁）".The other is psychological verb,which is called"Lande 2（懒得₂）".Focusing on the analysis of the modal characteristics and semantic framework of"Lande2（懒得₂）",this chapter also expounds its lexicalization process,evolution motivations and mechanism.The third chapter is about the modal differences between"Lande 2（懒得₂）"and"Buxiang/Buyuan（yi）（不想/不愿（意））".Responsive Willingness and Spontaneous Willingness,Self-involved Willingness and Others-involved Willingness,the strength of subjective intention,the differences of semantic framework,as well as syntax distribution are all compared.The forth chapter is about the semantic evolution of"Lede（乐得）"."Lede（乐得）"also has two homographic patterns,one is verb-complement construction,which is called"Lede 1（乐得₁）".The other is psychological verb,which is called"Lede 2（乐得₂）".Focusing on the analysis of the modal characteristics and semantic framework of"Lede2（乐得₂）",this chapter also expounds its lexicalization process,evolution motivations and mechanism.The fifth chapter is about the modal differences between"Lede 2（乐得₂）"and"leyi（乐意）".Responsive Willingness and Spontaneous Willingness,Self-involved Willingness and Others-involved Willingness,the strength of subjective intention,the differences of semantic framework,as well as syntax distribution are all compared.The sixth chapter is the conclusion.Summarize the main points,innovations and deficiencies of this paper.更多还原