B站历史文化类新媒体纪录片叙事视角研究

【作者】 杨杰；

【导师】 成越洋；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 艺术硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【副题名】兼谈个人作品《易俗社·一出大戏》的叙事视角创作

【摘要】 21世纪以来,新媒体技术迅速发展,将纪录片推上了发展的快车道.与社会时期传统影视纪录片在宣传政策主导下“自上而下”灌输式的创作理念、叙事方式大不相同,新媒体时代的纪录片创作开始与“用户”联结,迎合用户需求对纪录片进行创作.与其他新媒体视频平台相比,B站历史文化纪录片独树一帜,迎合其年轻用户的需求推出了一大批优秀的历史文化类新媒体纪录片,成为当代历史文化纪录片的典范.在纪录片创作理念研究的重要考量对象之一——叙事视角的选择与运用上,B站历史文化类新媒体纪录片摒弃了传统历史纪录片“自上而下”僵硬的叙事视角选择体系,以“自下而上”的迎合用户需求的方式对叙事视角进行灵活选择及运用,满足了当代年轻用户的多元需求,为国产历史文化纪录片成功“破圈”夯实了基础.为此,本文以B站平台为切入点,选取了当前比较有代表性的历史文化类新媒体纪录片,对其叙事视角展开研究,为后续纪录片创作提供理论依据及实践参考.全文研究共为四大部分,第一章绪论部分阐释了B站历史文化类新媒体纪录片叙事视角研究的背景、目的及意义,对相关概念及研究进行了归纳总结,确定了研究方法。第二章基于叙事视角理论及中国纪录片史论,对我国历史文化纪录片叙事视角的发展演变做出了整体梳理。第三章为本文研究重点,首先,从传播方式及用户特点着手,对B站平台的传播特点进行分析;其次,结合B站传播特点,从多元需求与多元叙事视角的交叉、营造沉浸体验的内聚焦视角及用户“弹幕”介入对叙事视角的影响三方面展开对B站历史文化纪录片叙事视角的研究.第四章从个人作品创作实践出发,结合前文关于叙事视角的相关研究,对个人作品的多元叙事视角创作做出阐释.最后,分析总结全文研究的内容,提出尚存的问题与不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advent of the 21st century,rapid development of the new media technology has ushered the documentary film industry into the fast-developing track.Different from the"top-down" cramming creation concept of the traditional documentary films dominated by propaganda policies,documentary film creation in the new media era has started to connect itself with users and to cater to user needs.Compared with other new media video platforms,Bilibili.com has been unique in the field of historical and cultural documentary films.In order to cater to needs of young users,a large batch of excellent historical and cultural new media documentary films that meet needs of young users has been released by Bilibili,which have been a paragon of contemporary historical and cultural documentary films.Concerning the selection and application of the narrative perspective,an important consideration for the documentary film creation theoretical research,historical and cultural new media documentary films of Bilibili have abandoned the top-down stereotyped narrative perspective selection system of traditional historical documentary films to meet user needs in a bottom-up manner,satisfy contemporary young users’ diverse needs,and lay a solid foundation for Chinese historical and cultural documentary films to march into the international market.Based on the above research background,this paper chooses representative historical and cultural new media documentary films from Bilibili to study its narrative perspective,and to provide theoretical bases and practical references for the future documentary film creation.Generally,this paper consists of four sections.Chapter 1 expounds on the research background,purpose and significance of historical and cultural new media documentary films on Bilibili,summarizes relevant concepts and research findings,and identifies research methods.Based on the theory of narrative perspective and theory on the history of Chinese documentary films,Chapter 2 summarizes the development and evolution of the narrative perspective of Chinese historical and cultural documentary films.Chapter 3 constitutes the research focus of this paper.First of all,communication characteristics of Bilibili are analyzed from the perspective of communication modes and user characteristics.Next,the communication characteristics of Bilibili are combined to study the narrative perspective of Bilibili’s historical and cultural documentary films in three aspects,including the integration between diverse needs and diverse narrative perspectives,creation of an internal focalization perspective that provides immersive experience,and influence of users,"danmaku" on the narrative perspective.Chapter 4 proceeds from the author’s creation practice,and combines previous research findings of the narrative perspective to expound diverse narrative perspectives of the author’s individual works.At last,the whole research work of this paper is discussed and summarized,and research limitations are pointed out as well.更多还原