【作者】 张莉；

【导师】 刘云亮； 王好；

【作者基本信息】 海南大学 ， 法律（非法学）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 中国特色自由贸易港这一构想的提出是中国积极参与经济全球化和完善治理体系的重要战略之一。习近平总书记于2018年庆祝海南建省办经济特区30周年大会上(以下简称“4.13讲话”)宣布支持海南稳步推进中国特色自由贸易港的建设,探索构建中国特色自由贸易港优质的营商环境和投资环境。当前国家对经济的管控中,以排除、限制竞争为内容的公共政策广泛存在,不仅扭曲市场资源的配置,更会阻碍中国市场的长远发展。为规范公权力机关对市场竞争的干预行为,我国建立了公平竞争审查制度,以达到维护市场竞争机制,打造公平统一高效市场环境的目的,但公平竞争审查制度中由政策制定机关对存量和新增政策进行公平竞争审查自我评估的制度设计存在不小的弊端,比如政策制定机关无暇承担大量审查任务、审查能力有限、审查动力不足等。为打造中国特色自由贸易港优质的营商环境和投资环境,并解决当前审查工作存在的困境,鼓励公权力机关委托第三方评估机构辅助本机关完成针对竞争政策的公平竞争审查工作,旨在借助第三方评估主体的中立属性弥补自我审查模式的不足,提升政策质量,维护市场公平竞争环境。构建中国特色自贸港公平竞争审查第三方评估机制是我国对外开放和完善治理体系探索的新路径,对标国际市场,注重对域外国家公平竞争审查第三方评估机构有益经验的学习借鉴,融合国际经贸交流规则,助力中国市场能够更好的与世界接轨。本文将以打造中国特色自由贸易港优质营商环境为视角,通过对国内、外竞争评估模式的对比分析,提出针对中国特色自贸港公平竞争审查第三方评估机制的认识与对策建议。本文内容主要分为四个部分,具体如下:第一部分是对中国特色自由贸易港公平竞争审查第三方评估机制的法律界定。首先是对公平竞争审查第三方评估机制的价值认知,介绍这一制度设计的理念以及构建公平竞争审查第三方评估机制的必要性。其次阐述了在中国特色自贸港构建公平竞争审查第三方评估机制的正当性,分别从构建的必要性和可行性展开,论述第三方评估活动对公平竞争审查工作的重要意义。第二部分主要介绍域外国家构建公平竞争审查第三方评估机制的有益经验,具体包括,美国、欧盟以及澳大利亚。分别罗列出三种模式对中国的启示。第三部分主要阐述构建中国特色自由贸易港公平竞争审查第三方评估机制面临的新挑战。首先介绍了第三方评估机制在我国立法实践中存在的困境,其次重点介绍了我国构建中国特色自由贸易港公平竞争审查第三方评估机制面临的挑战。期望以国内、外两种视角分析第三方竞争评估机制,为后文提出关于构建中国特色自贸港公平竞争审查第三方评估机制的对策建议奠定重要基础。第四部分主要阐述建设中国特色自由贸易港公平竞争审查第三方评估机制的对策建议。分别从顶层设计、运行规则和风险防控三个层面予以展开,辅助政策制定机关出台维护市场竞争机制的政策措施,着力打造中国特色自贸港法治化、国际化和便利化的公平营商环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 The proposal of a free trade port with Chinese characteristics is one of the important strategies for China to actively participate in economic globalization and improve its governance system.In 2018,at the conference celebrating the 30th anniversary of the establishment of hainan as a special economic zone,General Secretary Xi Jinping announced his support for hainan to steadily promote the construction of a free trade port with Chinese characteristics and explore a high-quality business and investment environment for a free trade port with Chinese characteristics.In the current state regulation and management of economy,the policy of eliminating and restricting competition is widespread.It not only distorts the allocation of market resources,but also hinders the long-term development of the Chinese market.In order to regulate the intervention of public authorities in the market,China has established a fair competition review system to maintain the market competition mechanism and create a fair,unified and efficient market environment.However,the design of the fair competition review system,which stipulates that the policy makers should conduct the self-assessment on the existing and new policies,has some drawbacks.For example,the policy-making organs have no time to undertake a large number of review tasks,the professional level is limited,the lack of incentive to review.In order to create a high-quality business and investment environment for free trade ports with Chinese characteristics,and to solve these difficulties,public authorities are encouraged to entrust third-party evaluation institutions to assist them in completing the fair competition review of competition policies.It aims to make up for the shortcomings of the self-review model by virtue of the neutral nature of the third party evaluation subject,improve the policy quality,and maintain a level playing field in the market.To build a third-party assessment mechanism for fair competition review of free trade ports with Chinese characteristics is a new path for China to explore in opening up to the outside world and improving the governance system.It aims at benchmarking the international market,and focuses on learning from the beneficial experience of third-party assessment institutions for fair competition review of countries outside the region.The integration of international economic and trade exchange rules,help the Chinese market to better connect with the world.This paper,from the perspective of creating a high-quality business environment for free trade ports with Chinese characteristics,makes a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign competition evaluation models,and puts forward theunderstanding and countermeasures of the third-party evaluation mechanism for fair competition review of free trade ports with Chinese characteristicsThe paper is mainly divided into four parts,as follows:The first part is the legal definition of the third party evaluation mechanism of fair competition examination of free trade ports with Chinese characteristics.Firstly,it introduces the value cognition of the third party evaluation mechanism of fair competition review,introduces the concept of the system design and the necessity of constructing the third party evaluation mechanism of fair competition review.Secondly,it expounds the legitimacy of establishing the third party evaluation mechanism of fair competition examination in the free trade port with Chinese characteristics.Based on the necessity and feasibility of the construction,this paper discusses the significance of the third party assessment activities to the fair competition review.The second part mainly introduces the beneficial experience of countries outside the region in establishing the third-party assessment mechanism of fair competition review.Specifically,the United States,the European Union and Australia.Respectively listed three models for China’s enlightenment.The third part mainly expounds the new challenges faced by the third party assessment mechanism of fair competition review of free trade ports with Chinese characteristics.Firstly,the paper introduces the dilemma of the third party evaluation mechanism in the legislative practice of China.Secondly,the paper focuses on the challenges faced by the third party assessment mechanism of fair competition examination for free trade ports with Chinese characteristics.It is expected to analyze the third-party competition evaluation mechanism from both domestic and foreign perspectives,and lay an important foundation for the countermeasures and Suggestions on the establishment of the third-party evaluation mechanism of fair competition review in free trade ports with Chinese characteristics.The fourth part mainly expounds the countermeasures and Suggestions of establishing the fair competition review third party evaluation mechanism of the free trade port with Chinese characteristics.From the aspects of top-level design,operation rules and risk prevention and control,it shall assist the policy-making organs to issue policies and measures to maintain the market competition mechanism.We will strive to create a level playing field for free trade ports with Chinese characteristics that are law-based,international and convenient.更多还原