【作者】 张玮；

【导师】 徐子昂；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 任璧莲是当代华裔美国文学的代表作家之一。她的第四部长篇小说《世界与小镇》以美国佛蒙特州的江河镇为背景,讲述小镇中的华裔移民孔海蒂、柬埔寨移民索菲和匈牙利移民基妮因身份意识的差异产生冲突,继而在对话和交流中建构文化身份的故事。小说反映出美国社会中的移民亟需就身份问题在各族裔之间展开对话,以实现合理的身份构建的目标。本文以巴赫金的对话理论为基础,对小说中不同族裔移民的身份构建策略进行研究。从作者任璧莲与移民的对话、移民间的身份意识对话和身份构建的未完成性三个方面分析移民身份对话的困难性及其未完成身份构建的原因,进而探索任璧莲对其以往作品中的身份建构策略的反思。本文共分为五章。第一章为引言,主要介绍任璧莲和《世界与小镇》,对既往研究进行综述,并说明运用对话理论分析小说中移民身份构建的合理性及研究意义。第二章讨论任璧莲作为作者与三个移民的对话。任璧莲将自己以往作品中的身份建构策略总结为具有相对主义内涵的“达观”身份观,并赋予主人公孔海蒂。同时,她劝说原教旨主义者基妮摆脱绝对主义身份观的束缚。作为新移民,索菲渴望建构新的文化身份。当两种身份观展开对索菲的争夺时,任璧莲借助其身份选择来验证达观思想对移民身份建构的影响和效能。第三章从微型对话的角度分析孔海蒂与外部环境的对话以及她内心的身份困惑;从大型对话的角度分析移民身份意识的冲突及身份策略的选择,并通过江河镇和美国社会的对话分析911事件对居民造成的心理创伤,以及她们对恐怖主义事件做出的反应。第四章分析三个移民没有完成身份建构的原因,以及任璧莲通过与移民的对话获得的、对其既往的身份建构策略的反思。任璧莲意识到由于相对主义的缺陷,达观思想虽然能帮助移民摆脱既定身份的束缚,却无法为其提供一种新的具体的身份。她继而认识到达观思想不具有普适性。而另一方面,绝对主义身份观虽能赋予移民确定的身份意识,但其排他性会使移民走向极端的恐怖主义。这使得任璧莲更加坚决地反对绝对主义的身份观。第五章对全文进行概括总结,并指出移民需要在对话中建构合理的身份策略。她们的身份对话都具有未完成性的特点,这也反映出任璧莲对于实现移民身份建构策略的共识性对话的追求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gish Jen is one of the representative writers of the contemporary Chinese American literature.Her fourth novel,World and Town,is set in the Riverlake town of Vermont.It depicts how that the Chinese immigrant Hattie Kong,Cambodian immigrant Sophy and the Hungarian immigrant Ginny construct their cultural identities in dialogue and communication due to their different identity consciousness.The novel reflects that the immigrants urgently need to carry out their dialogues on identity to achieve the goal of reasonable identity construction.Based on Bakhtin’s dialogue theory,this thesis studies the identity construction strategies of the immigrants of different ethnic groups in the novel.It analyses the difficulty of immigrants’ identity dialogues and the reason why they fail to construct their identities from three aspects: the dialogue between Gish Jen as the author and the immigrants as the character,the identity dialogues among immigrants,and the unfinalizability of their identity construction.Then it explores Gish Jen’s reflection on the identity construction strategy in her previous works.The thesis is divided into five chapters.Chapter One is the introduction,which mainly introduces Gish Jen,World and Town,summarizes the previous research,and explains the rationality and research significance of employing the dialogue theory to analyze the construction of immigrants’identity in the novel.Chapter Two discusses Gish Jen’s dialogue with the three immigrants.Gish Jen summarizes the identity construction strategy in her previous works into the relativistic thought of“Dáguān”(达观),and endows Hattie Kong with it.Meanwhile,she attempts to persuade Ginny,a fundamentalist,to release herself from the shackles of absolutist identity.When Sophy,a new immigrant,is eager to construct a new cultural identity,the two identity concepts compete for her.Gish Jen takes advantage of Sophy’s identity choice to verify the influence and effectiveness of“Dáguān”thought on the identity construction of immigrants.Chapter Three analyzes Hattie Kong’s dialogue with the external environment and her inner identity confusion from the perspective of micro dialogue.It also analyzes the conflict between the immigrants’identity consciousness and their choice of identity strategies from the perspective of great dialogue.Through the dialogue between the Riverlake town and the American society,it studies the psychological trauma of the residents caused by the 9/11 incident and their response to terrorism.Chapter Four analyzes why the three immigrants fail to complete their identity construction,and Gish Jen’s reflection on her previous identity construction strategies through her dialogue with immigrants.Gish Jen realizes that due to the defects of relativism,although“Dáguān”thought helps the immigrants get rid of the shackles of the given identity,it fails to provide them with a new specific identity.Therefore,Gish Jen realizes that“Dáguān”thought is not universally applicable.On the other hand,although the absolutist identity concept endows immigrants with a certain identity consciousness,its exclusivity will lead them to extreme terrorism,which makes Gish Jen more firmly opposes it.Chapter Five summarizes the full text and points out that the immigrants need to construct their reasonable identity strategies in the process of dialogue.Their identity dialogue carries the characteristic of unfinalizability,which also reflects Gish Jen’s pursuit of consensus dialogue on the strategy of immigrants’identity construction.更多还原