【作者】 王鑫；

【导师】 刘萱；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 查尔斯·弗雷泽(1950—)是当代美国文坛的后起新秀。1997年,弗雷泽出版了他的著名小说《冷山》,这既是他的处女作,亦是他的成名作。这部杰出的作品一经出版便斩获包含同年美国国家图书奖在内的诸多文学大奖,由此他的文学才华得到了大家的普遍认可。这部作品立意深厚,内涵丰富,笔触诗意,蕴含了作者反对战争的人道主义思想和对人类创伤命运的深切关怀,具有重要的研究价值。本论文主要借助朱迪斯·赫尔曼的创伤与复原理论,运用文本细读和理论阐释相结合的方法,对小说《冷山》中的三位主要人物的创伤进行研究,分类探析不同人物创伤的表征、原因与复原策略。本论文包括导论,正文和结论三部分,具体内容如下:第一部分为导论。导论部分首先介绍查尔斯·弗雷泽及其作品《冷山》。其次,介绍朱迪斯·赫尔曼的创伤与复原理论。最后,梳理《冷山》的国内外研究现状并提出撰写本文的目的。第二部分为正文,分为三章,分别从社会、群体和个体层面对小说中的主要人物进行创伤研究。第一章对男主人公英曼经历的战争创伤的表现、原因及复原进行分析。小说中英曼是一名来自南方军队的普通士兵,他的创伤经历是美国南北战争时期写实的社会缩影。战争带给英曼身体和精神双重创伤,最后他选择逃离战场,在回家的旅途中通过赫尔曼的复原三策略实现自我救赎。第二章对女主人公艾达遭受的女性主体性创伤的表现、原因及复原进行分析。小说中艾达是南北战争时期南方贵族小姐的代表,她身上体现的女性主体性创伤是整个社会对女性创伤的最佳例证。受到社会、家庭和个人的三重因素的影响,艾达的女性主体性意识创伤和身份创伤暴露无遗。最后,她也是通过复原三策略走出创伤。第三章对女主人公的朋友鲁比遭受的原生家庭创伤的表现、原因及复原进行分析。鲁比只是贫苦人家的普通女孩儿,她作为个人际遇遭受的童年创伤主要来源于她不幸的家庭。破碎的家庭结构以及父亲的忽视损害了鲁比人格与情感的发展,造成她成年时过度要求人格尊严与情感冷漠。最后,借助复原三策略,鲁比重拾爱与理解的能力,治愈了原生家庭创伤。最后一部分是结论。该部分是对整个论文的总结与升华,重点指出本论文的研究意义、创新之处和不足之处。创伤带给受创者的伤害是难以磨灭的,受创者应该勇敢正视创伤带来的负面影响,积极寻找有效途径复原创伤,乐观生活。更多还原

【Abstract】 Charles Frazier(1950-)is an emerging talent in contemporary American literature.In 1997,Frazier published his acclaimed novel Cold Mountain,which was both his debut and his breakthrough novel.This remarkable work won numerous literary awards,including the National Book Award in the same year,thus gaining widespread recognition for his literary talent.This work with profound intention,rich connotation and poetic strokes conveys the author’s humanitarian thought against the war and his deep concern for the fate of human trauma,and is of great research value.With the help of Judith Herman’s theory of trauma and recovery,this thesis uses a combination of textual reading and theoretical interpretation to study the traumas of the three main characters in the novel Cold Mountain,and to categorize and analyze the manifestations,causes and recovery strategies of different characters’ traumas.This thesis consists of three parts: introduction,main body and conclusion,as follows:The first part is the introduction.This part begins with an introduction to Charles Frazier and his work Cold Mountain.Next,Judith Herman’s theory of trauma and recovery is presented.Finally,it compares the current state of domestic and international research on Cold Mountain and provides the purpose of writing this thesis.The second part is the main body,which is divided into three chapters to study the trauma of the main characters in the novel at the social,group,and individual levels,respectively.Chapter one analyzes the manifestations,causes and recovery of the war trauma experienced by the hero Inman.In the novel,Inman is an ordinary soldier from the Southern Army,and his traumatic experience is a realistic social microcosm of the American Civil War.The war brings both physical and mental trauma to Inman,and finally he chooses to escape from the battlefield and achieve self-redemption through Herman’s three strategies of recovery during his journey home.Chapter two analyzes the manifestations,causes and recovery of the female subjectivity trauma suffered by the heroine Ada.In the novel,Ada is a representative of the Southern aristocratic ladies during the Civil War,and the trauma of female subjectivity embodied in her is the best example of the trauma of women in the whole society.Influenced by the triple factors of society,family and individual,Ada’s female subjectivity consciousness trauma and identity trauma are exposed.Finally,she also comes out of the trauma through the recovery triple strategy.Chapter three analyzes the manifestations,causes and recovery of the original family trauma suffered by the heroine’s friend Ruby.Ruby is just an ordinary girl from a poor family,and her childhood trauma as a personal encounter mainly comes from her unfortunate family.The broken family structure and her father’s neglect undermine Ruby’s personality and emotional development,resulting in her excessive demands for human dignity and emotional indifference as an adult.Finally,with the help of the three strategies of recovery,Ruby regains her ability to love and understand,and heals from her family of origin trauma.The last part is the conclusion.This part concludes and sublimates the whole thesis,highlighting the significance,innovations and shortcomings of this thesis.The damage caused by trauma is indelible,and the traumatized should be brave enough to overcome the negative effects of trauma,actively explore effective ways to recover from trauma and live optimistically.更多还原