【作者】 王玥；

【导师】 赵俊杰；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 考古学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 宿白构建了北魏邙山长陵区葬地安排的大框架。近年来墓志材料进一步丰富。整体来说,对于陪葬制度的研究仍有再进一步的可能。本文拟通过对洛阳邙山地区墓葬现有发现材料的梳理,尝试对宿白先生建立的框架进行一定的补充和延展,建立对北魏迁洛后帝陵陪葬制度建立、执行、变化的初步认识,以及了解其所反映的墓葬葬地的特点。北魏北邙地区主要安葬人员为元魏宗室,以所追祖先分为九系皇帝子孙,以长陵陪葬墓为祖陵形成宗室埋葬区,集中于瀍水以东。元氏以外家族多分布在北邙陵区的边缘地带。无论是元氏还是其他部族,都以家族为中心安葬。北邙葬地规划在孝文之初已有,其时以东汉、西晋帝陵为界的两侧地区都进入了考量范围。其规划并非一气呵成,也经历了反复,最终择定瀍西为埋骨之地。北魏迁洛之后,一方面北魏继承了东汉帝陵制度,改方形封土为圆形封土,墓前设神道,四周设方形陵园。另一方面帝陵排葬次序又未完全汉化,其帝陵存在其本身的排葬规律,与中原“左昭右穆”有所不同。以长陵为中心的墓葬制度形成发源于孝文朝,完善于宣武朝。以陪葬墓为中心形逐渐形成不同分区。因为长陵陵区规划过大,景陵陵区嵌套于长陵陵区之中,略微向西发展。孝明帝时期葬地不足的矛盾凸显,通过采取不同的措施,如专门下诏划定乾脯山葬地,以减轻西部北魏邙山墓葬区的压力。定陵及其后皇陵陪葬墓极少或没有,与其纷乱局势及频繁的政治变动有关。但北魏分裂前甚至到东魏时期仍有葬于洛阳者,可见北魏墓葬制度从迁洛之时至北魏分裂虽然过程中有所调整,整体一直较为稳定的实行,甚至到东魏时期仍有所影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Subai built the Mang Mountain area burial ground arrangement framework.In recent years,the epitaph material has been further enriched.On the whole,it is still possible to further study the funerary system.This paper attempts to supplement and extend the frame established by Mr.Subai by combing the existing material of mangshan area in Luoyang.To establish a preliminary understanding of the establishment,implementation and change of the burial system of the emperor’s mausoleum after the northern Wei Dynasty moved to Luo,and to understand the characteristics of the burial system reflected by it.Mang Mountain mausoleum precinct in Northern Wei Dynasty is mainly composed of the Yuan family members,divided into nine emperors’ children,whose burial area is mainly composed of the changling burial tombs,concentrated on the east bank of the Chanhe River.Other families are mainly distributed in the edge of the Mang Mountain area.Whether it is the Won family or any other family,the burial ground is centered around the family.The planning of Mang Mountain mausoleum precinct began at the beginning of Emperor Xiaowen’s moving to Luo Yang,when emperor Xiaowen took the tombs of the Eastern Han and Western Jin dynasties as the boundary,and both sides of the area came into his vision.Planning is not one stroke,also experienced repeated,finally choose the Chanhe River west bank to burial.After the northern Wei moved to Luo Yang,on the one hand,the Northern Wei inherited the eastern Han imperial cemetery burial system。On the other hand,the order of the imperial tombs was not completely Sinicized,and the imperial tombs had their own rules,which were different from the central Plains "Zhao,Mu".The tomb system centered on Changling originated in Emperor Xiaowen’s period and was perfected in Emperor Xuanwu’s Period.With thesubordinate tomb as the center,different sections are gradually formed.Because of the planning of changling Mausoleum area is too large,Jingling Mausoleum area nested in the Changling mausoleum area,slightly to the west.During the period of Emperor Xiaoming,the contradiction of insufficient burial ground was highlighted.Different measures were taken,such as ordering the designation of ganbu Mountain burial ground to relieve the pressure of the burial area in the west.In Dingling and its later period,there were few or no subordinate tomb,which was related to the chaotic situation and frequent political changes.However,there were still people buried in Luoyang before the division of the Northern Wei dynasty and even in the Eastern Wei Dynasty.It can be seen that the burial system of the Northern Wei Dynasty was implemented stably from the period of moving to Luo Yang to the division of the Northern Wei Dynasty,although there were some adjustments in the process,and it was still influenced even in the Eastern Wei Dynasty.更多还原