【作者】 杨凤杰；

【导师】 邴正；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 社会学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放后,伴随着农业税改革与乡村体制改革,切断了村民与政府之间的强权纽带,基层政权缺乏制度性交流渠道,对农民的组织和动员能力也随之减弱。同时,农业技术进步、生产方式变化以及资本下乡带来农业经营规模化,大量离农人口被工业化吸纳,农村人口日益减少,“空心化”加剧了乡村公共性的衰落。城市化是一种不可逆转的必然趋势,这一发展过程会带来农村的阵痛,一方面我们既要见证历史的进步,另一方面也要承担应尽的道义与责任,关心现在的农村以及村中人的公共利益、公共福利和生活质量,重新建构农村的公共性,探索系统化体系来支撑农村的公共性。作为农村经济重要组成部分的新型集体经济,既是村庄共同体得以存在的经济基础,又是塑造乡村治理形态、实现乡村振兴的重要方式,能够作为再造乡村公共性的一种探索。因此,本文主要研究新型农村集体经济发展建构村庄公共性的实现过程。本文以D市S村为研究个案,采用文献法、实地观察法、半结构访谈法开展田野调查,对该村的地理位置与人口、村庄经济和产业发展、村庄政治与基层组织以及集体经济状况进行了全面介绍。紧接着阐述后税费时代悬浮政权和村级负债导致村集体失落、棚户区改造与动迁区隔了人们的交往空间,现代化与城市化带来农民的去组织化,这三方面构成了S村公共性建构的结构性背景。通过分析指出农村集体经济在打造集体品牌,培育集体产业,提高农民经济收入,提供组织协调机构,公共产品供给、公共活动联结,满足公共性需要等方面发挥着重要功能。这些功能对促进村庄公共性再造具有重要的意义。接着进一步分析乡村公共性建构的现实问题,由于形式主义公共物品的展示,村民公共动员机制的缺乏,以及精英对利益的俘获等困境,不仅难以满足民众公共性需求,影响公共性重建的可持续性,还会制约村集体的治理能力,加剧村庄矛盾。产生这一问题的主要原因在于基层政府的政绩导向以及个体利益追求的推动。针对以上问题,本研究从公共性理论、嵌入性理论、乡村治理理论出发,提出公共性困境的破解路径,需要壮大村集体经济的产业基础、构建多元化服务供给主体,提高乡村精英的素质、动员普通农户的公共参与。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the reform and opening up,along with the reform of agricultural tax and the reform of the rural system,the power link between the villagers and the government was cut off.The grassroots regime lacked institutional communication channels,and its ability to organize and mobilize farmers was also weakened.At the same time,the advancement of agricultural technology,changes in production methods,and the largescale agricultural operations brought about by the transfer of capital to the countryside,a large number of people who have left farmers have been absorbed by industrialization,and the rural population is decreasing day by day.Urbanization is an irreversible and inevitable trend,and this process of development will bring pains to the countryside.On the one hand,we must witness the progress of history,on the other hand,we must also assume due morality and responsibility,and care about the current rural and rural areas.The public interests,public welfare and quality of life of the villagers,reconstruct the publicity of the countryside,and explore a systematic system to support the publicity of the countryside.As an important part of the rural economy,the new collective economy is not only the economic foundation for the existence of the village community,but also an important way to shape the form of rural governance and realize rural revitalization.It can be used as an exploration to rebuild rural publicity.Therefore,this paper mainly studies the realization process of the construction of the village publicity in the development of the new rural collective economy.This paper takes S village in D city as a case study,and uses the literature method,field observation method,and semi-structured interview method to carry out field investigations.A comprehensive introduction is given.Then it is explained that the suspended regime and village-level debt in the post-tax and fee era lead to the loss of village collectives,the transformation of shanty towns and relocation areas separate people’s communication space,and the modernization and urbanization bring about the de-organization of farmers.These three aspects constitute the S village.The structural background of public construction.Through the analysis,it is pointed out that the rural collective economy plays an important role in building collective brands,cultivating collective industries,increasing farmers’ economic income,providing organization and coordination institutions,supplying public products,linking public activities,and meeting public needs.These functions are of great significance to promoting the reconstruction of village publicity.Then,it further analyzes the practical problems of rural public construction.Due to the display of formalistic public goods,the lack of villagers’ public mobilization mechanism,and the capture of interests by elites,it is not only difficult to meet the public needs of the people,but also affects the sustainability of public reconstruction.It will also restrict the governance capacity of the village collective and exacerbate village conflicts.The main reason for this problem lies in the performance orientation of the grass-roots government and the promotion of the pursuit of individual interests.In response to the above problems,this study starts from the theory of publicity,embeddedness and rural governance,and proposes a solution to the public dilemma.It is necessary to strengthen the industrial foundation of the village collective economy,build a diversified service provider,and improve the quality and quality of rural elites.Mobilize the public participation of ordinary farmers.更多还原