新中国成立初期上海市营公交企业研究（1949-1954）

【作者】 李宁；

【导师】 张峥嵘；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 中国近现代史基本问题研究， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 上海自开埠以来,逐渐成为中国重要的工商业中心。由于商业的繁荣、人口的增长,上海公共交通事业也得到了较快的发展。然而作为上海唯一的市营公交企业——上海市公共交通公司筹备委员会,其本质是一个组织庞大的官僚资本企业,一个为少数人谋利的企业,并不能真正为广大人民群众带来便利。因此,接管带有官僚资本性质的市营公交企业在城市接管工作中便显得尤为重要,对其的接管一方面符合新民主主义经济纲领的要求,另一方面也是保障民生、服务人民的应有之义。论文之所以选取上海市营公交企业作为研究对象,一方面是因为目前学术界对于市营公交企业的接管并没有深入系统的研究,另一方面,人们出行的方便与否深刻体现着一个城市的治理水平,而上海作为中国最大的城市,人口数量众多,出行需求量大,对上海市营公交企业的研究则具有了典型意义。因此,论文力求在现有研究成果基础上,具体考察新中国成立初期上海市营公交企业的接管改造及发展的真实面貌。论文通过四章内容对新中国成立初期上海市营公交企业进行研究。第一章介绍接管上海市公共交通公司筹备委员会的背景,主要是介绍市营公交企业在接管前的历史沿革,经营管理状况以及接管的必要性;第二章介绍上海市军事管制委员会对市营公交企业的接收工作,主要围绕接管前的准备以及接收的具体情况;第三章介绍管理与改造,主要围绕组织系统和管理系统的改革两方面展开;第四章介绍公交企业的发展,主要是围绕配套设施的完善、生产经营制度改进等方面来介绍。总之,新中国成立初期上海市营公交企业的接管改造与发展工作取得了不错的成果,其对当下公交事业的发展仍具有重要的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since its opening as a port,Shanghai has gradually become an important industrial and commercial center in China.Due to the prosperity of commerce and population growth,Shanghai’s public transportation has also developed rapidly.However,as the only municipal public transport company in Shanghai,the Preparatory Committee of the Shanghai Public Transport Company,its essence is a bureaucratic enterprise with a huge organization,an enterprises for the benefit of a small number of people,and it cannot really bring convenience to the masses of the people.Therefore,the takeover of municipal public transport enterprise with the nature of bureaucratic capital is particularly important in the work of urban takeovers.On the one hand,the takeover of them conforms to the requirements of the new democratic economic program,on the other hand,it is also necessary to safeguard the people’s livelihood and serve the people.The reason why this article selects Shanghai bus companies as the research object is that,on the one hand,the academic world have not conducted in-depth and systematic research on the takeover of municipal bus companies.On the other hand,the convenience of people’s travel deeply reflects the governance level of a city,and Shanghai,as the largest city in China,has an enormous population and a large demand for travel.The research on Shanghai-operated public transport companies is of typical significance.Therefore,on the basis of existing research results,the author strives to specifically investigate the real appearance of the takeover,reconstruction and development of Shanghai public transportation enterprises during the in early period of New China.This paper uses four chapters to study the public transport enterprises in Shanghai in the early days of New China.The first chapter introduces the background of the preparatory committee for the takeover of the Shanghai Public Transport Company,mainly introducing the historical evolution of the municipal public transport enterprise before the takeover,the operation and management status and the necessity of taking over;The reception work of public transport enterprises mainly focuses on the preparation before the takeover and the specific situation of the reception;the third chapter introduces the management and transformation,mainly focusing on the reform of the organizational system and the management system.The fourth chapter introduces the development of public transport enterprises,mainly focusing on the improvement of supporting facilities and the improvement of production and operation systems.In short,in the early days of New China,the Shanghai public transportation enterprises had achieved good results in the takeover,reconstruction and development work,which still has important reference significance for the development of the current public transportation industry.更多还原