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生态补偿对乡村产业结构的影响研究
An Empirical Study on the Effect of Eco-compensation on Rural Industrial Structure Based on Shandong Province
【作者】 王刚;
【导师】 魏占杰;
【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 , 人口、资源与环境经济学, 2022, 硕士
【副题名】以山东省为例
【摘要】 自1949年新中国成立以来,尤其是改革开放以来,我国的经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就。然而在经济建设取得一系列历史性变革和跨越式发展的同时,人与自然的矛盾也加剧了,资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化,严重影响到了经济的可持续发展和人民对美好生活的需要。面对复杂、严峻的生态环境问题,以习近平同志为核心的党中央,把生态文明建设纳入中国特色社会主义事业总体布局,推出多项政策措施来保护、治理和改善生态环境,其中一项非常重要的举措就是制定和推行生态补偿制度。生态环境问题归根结底是生产方式的问题,生态补偿制度解决我国的生态环境问题的成效,还要看生态补偿能否促进目标区域生产方式的转变。本文以山东省为例,收集重点生态功能区各县2009-2020年的数据,研究生态补偿对乡村产业结构的影响。选取产业结构合理化(TL)、产业结构高级化(TS)、乡村三产融合度(TIF)三个指标,采用熵权TOPSIS法综合评价各县每年的三产融合度得分,利用倍差法(DID)来检验生态补偿对三个指标的政策净效应,通过实证研究与分析得出如下结论:第一,生态补偿对乡村产业结构合理化有正向影响,且影响随时间的推移而增强,但乡村三产融合和产业结构合理化之间没有互相影响。第二,生态补偿对乡村产业结构高级化有显著影响,但影响出现在政策实施后的两年,并且产业高级化对乡村三产融合的影响大于后者对前者的影响。第三,生态补偿对乡村三产融合度较低的地区有显著负影响。第四,生态补偿制度对乡村产业结构高级化、三产融合的影响是否能在未来由负转正,仍需要继续跟踪研究。结合以上研究结论,提出如下政策建议:第一,坚持生态补偿、“一把手”抓生态文明建设。第二,注重产业结构调整的时效性。第三,加强监督和管理,警惕“双高”落后产业往乡村转移。第四,完善生态补偿资金使用的配套制度,发挥补偿资金的作用,并保证生态补偿政策之间的系统性、协调性,加快建设市场化、多元化的生态补偿制度。第五,利用好生态资源禀赋优势,鼓励社会资本参与生态补偿,提高乡村机械化水平,促进乡村三产融合,实现“绿水青山”到“金山银山”的蜕变。
【Abstract】 China has made remarkable achievements in economic and social development since the time of reform and opening up.However,with has made a series of historic changes and great-leap-forward development in the economy,the relationship between human and nature become more and more tense,the tightening of resource constraints,severe environmental pollution,and ecosystem degradation,it is a big threat to the sustainable development of the economy and people’s needs for a better life.Faced with the complex and severe ecological and environmental problems,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has incorporated “ecological progress” into the overall plan of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics,launched a number of policy measures to protect,manage and improve the ecological environment,one of which is a very important measure is to formulate and implement the ecological compensation system.The nature of environmental problems are development mode problem actually.Whether the Eco-compensation system work depends on that ecological compensation system could drive regional industrial upgrading,transform from the traditional industrial model to green development model.In order to figure out the effects that Eco-compensation on rural industrial structure,this paper takes the key ecological function zones in Shandong Province as the study object,collected a panel data which cross the year of 2009 to 2020.Take three indexes,industrial structure rationalization(TL),industrial upgrading(TS)and rural three-industry integration(TIF),use the entropy weight TOPSIS method to comprehensively evaluate the annual three-industry integration index scores of each county,use the Differences-in-Differences method to test the net effect of the PES policy.The conclusions of this study are as follows: First,the ecological compensation system has a positive effect on the rural industrial structure upgrading,and the effect increases with time,but TIF and TL do not affect each other.Second,the event that incorporated into national key ecological function zones has a significant effect on the upgrading of rural industrial structure,but the effect at TS only lasted two years,and the effect at TS on TIF is greater than TIF on TS.Thirdly,it has a significant negative impact on rural area which has a low degree of three industry integration after being incorporated into national key ecological function zones.Fourthly,whether the effects of ecological compensation on TS and TIF could change from negative to positive needs more follow-up research.Based on the empirical research and analysis above,this paper gives five policy suggestions: First,we should adhere to ecological compensation,strengthen the responsibility of key leader in Eco-development.Second,we should pay close attention to the opportunity of industrial adjustment.Third,strengthen supervision and management,be alert to the transfer of “double high” backward industries to rural areas.Fourthly,ecological compensation funds should be used flexibly and fully,ensure the coordination and systematization between Eco-compensation policies,accelerate the pace of building a market-oriented and diversified Eco-compensation system.Fifth,we should take advantage the ecological resource endowments,encourage social capital to participate in ecological compensation,improve the level of rural mechanization,promote the integration of rural three industries,strive to make the village more beautiful and richer.
【Key words】 Eco-compensation; Industrial Structure; Three-industry Integration; Entropy Weight-TOPSIS Method; Differences-in-Differences Method;
- 【网络出版投稿人】 河北师范大学 【网络出版年期】2022年 12期
- 【分类号】F327
- 【下载频次】90