【作者】 梁明；

【导师】 刘林沙；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 新闻传播学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 移动短视频APP作为一种新兴的媒介形式,上线不久后就获得了广大人群的喜爱,用户渗透率和人均使用时长更是连年增长,成为网络视频领域新风口。但在移动短视频蓬勃发展的同时,一些问题也随之而来,人民日报曾针对短视频沉迷、成瘾等现象进行点名批评,国家网信办也指导多个移动短视频平台上线防沉迷系统,但都收效甚微。本研究以媒介依赖理论为出发点,从人格、使用动机、社会支持等多方面探究影响大学生产生移动短视频APP依赖的因素,并针对性地提出缓解移动短视频APP依赖的建议,希冀为深陷媒介依赖痛苦的大学生们提供一些有效帮助。本研究通过对前人的文献梳理提出研究假设,并设计出以人格为自变量,使用动机和社会支持水平为中介变量的平行中介模型。结合前人相关研究和量表设计调查问卷,采用滚雪球和配额抽样方法进行问卷调查,最终回收有效问卷445份。在利用spss23.0对数据进行信、效度检验和因子分析的基础上,对各变量进行相关分析和回归分析发现,神经质人格、外向性人格、自我表达与社会认同动机、压力缓解动机、娱乐消遣动机、信息获取动机和使用动机总分均对大学生的移动短视频APP依赖程度具有显著正向影响;人际关系维护动机的均值较高,但却与移动短视频APP的依赖程度无关;自我表达与社会认同动机的均值较低,但对移动短视频APP依赖程度的影响很大;宜人性人格、主观支持、客观支持和社会支持总分显著负向影响大学生的移动短视频APP依赖程度。通过与其它移动社交媒体对比发现,随着媒介的不断进化,自我表达与社会认同动机和信息获取动机对媒介依赖的影响越来越大,被动接受是信息获取动机促使移动短视频APP依赖的主要原因。对人口统计学特征和移动短视频APP的基本使用情况进行单因素方差分析发现,大学生依赖程度在性别、年级、学校类型、专业、生源地、月均可支配收入等因素上均无显著差异,但在接触历史、日均使用时长、使用频率等因素上差异显著,且基本呈正相关趋势。通过spss插件process V3.5对中介模型进行回归检验发现,社会支持在责任性人格与移动短视频APP依赖中具有完全中介作用,使用动机和社会支持同时在开放性人格与移动短视频APP依赖中起完全中介作用,在外向性、神经质和宜人性等人格中均具有不完全中介作用。针对本研究结果,可以从明确移动短视频APP使用动机、改变行为构建、进行艰苦免疫、加强对负面情绪的疏导、培养大学生健全人格和唤醒个体认知等方面对移动短视频APP的依赖进行预防和缓解。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an emerging form of media,mobile short video APPs have won the favor of the majority of people shortly after being launched.With the user penetration rate and per capita usage time increasing year after year,mobile short video APPs have becoming a new industry with the greatest potential in the field of online video.However,while mobile short video is booming,some problems have also followed.The People’s Daily has criticized short video addiction especially,and The Cyber Administration of China also guided multiple mobile short video platforms to launch anti-addiction systems,but neither of them with great effect.Based on the theory of media dependency,in this research,the factors that influence college students’ dependence on mobile short video APPs from aspects such as personality,motivation,and social support are explored and analyzed,and targeted suggestions to alleviate dependence on mobile short video APPs are proposed in sequence,intending to provide some effective help for college students who are suffering from media addiction.The research hypotheses are proposed by combing the literature of predecessors,and a parallel mediation model are designed,which takes personality traits as independent variables and motivations and social support levels as mediation variables.Combining previous corresponding researches and scale designs,the questionnaires are designed,and the snowball and quota sampling methods are used to conduct the questionnaire survey,with a consequence of 445 valid questionnaires collected.Based on the reliability and validity test and factor analysis of the data through spss23.0,the results of correlation analysis and regression analysis of various variables demonstrate that neurotic personality,extrovert personality,self-expression and social identity motivation,stress relief motivation,entertainment motivation,information acquisition motivation,and the total scores of the motivations all have a significant positive impact on college students’ dependence on mobile short video APPs.The average value of interpersonal relationship maintenance motivation is pretty high,but it has nothing to do with the degree of dependence on mobile short video APPs;At the meantime,the average value of self-expression and social identity motivation is low,but it has a great influence on the degree of dependence on mobile short video APPs.The agreeableness personality,subjective support,objective support and the total scores of social supports significantly negatively affect college students’ mobile short video APPs dependence.By comparing with other mobile social media,it is found that with the continuous evolution of media,self-expression and social identity motivation and information acquisition motivation have an increasing influence on media dependence,passive acceptance is the main reason why mobile short video APPs rely on information acquisition motivation.A one-way analysis of variance on demographic characteristics and the basic use of mobile short video APPs were both conducted.Through the tests,it is found that the differences of degrees of dependence of college students with different factors such as gender,grade,educational level,major,student source,monthly disposable income,etc.are not significant,but significant in terms of factors like contact history,average daily use time,frequency of use,which are basically positively correlated.Through the SPSS plug-in package,process V3.5,to make regression tests of the mediation model proposed,it is found that social support has a complete mediation role between conscientiousness personality and mobile short video APPs dependence.Use motivation and social support also play a role with complete mediation effect between openness personality and mobile short video APPs dependence,while they have incomplete mediation effects on personalities such as extroversion,neuroticism and Agreeableness.According to the results of this research,the dependence on mobile short video APPs can be prevented and alleviated in terms of clarifying the motivations of using those APPs,changing behavior construction,carrying out hardship inoculation,strengthening the guidance of negative emotions,cultivating healthy personality of college students and awakening individual cognition.更多还原