【作者】 徐伟；

【导师】 李扬荣；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 课堂是教学的主要阵地,课堂教学的有效性更是决定着教学的质量。教师作为课堂教学的组织者和引导者,对课堂教学的有效性起着决定性的作用。初中生的数学思维正在由形象思维向逻辑思维发展,通过有效教学提高初中生数学学习的效率,是目前数学课程改革的重要任务之一。从目前中学数学教学实际来看,部分教师采用“满堂灌”,“满堂问”,“填鸭式”的教学,或过分依赖教辅书,教学辅助设备,从而致使许多低效、无效的数学课普遍存在。然而在实际课堂教学中教师如何采取符合实际的教学策略提高中学数学教学的有效性,尚缺乏实证性的研究。针对以上存在的问题,本文在研究的过程中采用了调查法、文献研究法、行动研究法、案例分析法、课堂观察法等方法,从初中课堂教学实际出发,参考了国内与国外专家学者有效教学,和教学策略的相关资料,结合数学课堂的具体案例,提出了注重课前备课的充分准备、选择学习材料多样化的教学准备策略;提高课堂提问有效性、增强小组合作的有效性、开放性、探索学习方式自主化、增强练习设计有效性的教学实施策略;注重评价内容全面性、强调评价主体多元化、强调评价方式多样化、突出评价结果的多元的教学评价策略;以及策略的选择与运用原则。本研究基于中学学数学教学实践探索出了提高有效教学的方法与策略,对增强初中数学课堂教学有效性和教师的教学质量具有重要的现实意义和实用价值。全文分为五章,第一章阐述了论文的研究背景、研究的问题、研究意义、研究的方法;第二章文献综述从理论层面介绍了有效教学策略国内外研究的概况及理论依据,对论文设计的概念进行界定;第三章初中数学有效教学策略的构建,本章在对有效教学策略进行描述的基础上结合实际案例对其进行了具体阐述。第四章中学数学有效教学策略的应用,详细分析了有效教学策略的选择的依据以及应遵循的原则,并以案例形式进行了系统分析。第五章结论与思考,以是对全文进行总结,并提出个人的一些思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Classroom teaching is the main form of teaching,and its effectiveness determines the quality of teaching.Teachers,as organizers and guides of classroom teaching,play a decisive role.Junior students are in the process of development from image thinking to logical thinking.Improving the learning efficiency of math students is one of the major tasks in mathematics curriculum reform.At present,some of the teachers are adopting cramming method,excessive classroom inquiry or spoon-feeding approach,or rely too much on supplementary textbooks or auxiliary equipment in their match teaching practice,which would often result in low-efficiency or ineffective academic performance on the part of the students.How to enact practical tactics to improve the effectiveness of math education in middle school is still a topic under study.This thesis uses methods,such as survey method,literature study,participatory action research,case study,and classroom observation for the research.The paper focuses on classroom teaching in the junior high education stage.It also references literature on experts’ effective teaching methods and tactics at home and abroad.Concerning the issues mentioned above,the paper,based on case studies,puts forward tactics as follows: attaching great importance to teaching preparation before class;diversifying learning materials;improving effectiveness of classroom inquiry;enhancing effectiveness and openness of cooperation between students’ learning groups;exploring autonomous learning methods;enhancing effectiveness of exercise design;stressing comprehensiveness in evaluation content;diversifying participants and methods in academic evaluation;highlighting diversified evaluation results.The paper also tell readers how to select from the tactics,as well as the principles of applying the tactics.Based on classroom practice,the research explores the methods and tactics for improving effectiveness of math teaching in middle school,which has important significance and practical value for the teachers in improving the effectiveness and quality of classroom teaching.This thesis divides into six chapters.The chapter I touches upon the background,issues,significance and methods of the research.chapter II introduces the status quo of the research on effective teaching tactics at home and abroad from the theoretical level,and defines the concepts for design of the paper.The Chapter III,Building Effective Teaching Tactics,makes an introduction of effective teaching tactics based on case studies.Chapter IV Application of Effective Teaching Tactics in Math Education in Middle School,analyzes in detail the reasons and principles for selecting from the tactics,and makes a systematic analysis in the form of case study.Chapter V Conclusion and Thinking,makes a summary of the research,and puts forward some personal advice.更多还原