【作者】 高云；

【导师】 姜兴宇； 赵进；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 激光再制造技术作为一种新兴的再制造技术,已逐渐在航空航天、冶金、电力等行业占据越来越高的地位,但由于其工艺时间长、参数多导致生产过程中能耗较大,现阶段,能耗问题已成为限制激光再制造技术发展的主要因素。因此,针对激光再制造过程能耗进行分析,并建立能耗模型,实现对能耗问题的预测和控制已是迫在眉睫。基于此,以LDM4030激光再制造设备为研究对象,深入分析工艺参数对激光再制造过程能耗的影响规律,系统研究面向能耗的激光再制造过程工艺参数优化方法,其主要研究内容如下:(1)针对激光再制造系统复杂、工艺参数多导致其能耗建模困难问题,搭建LDM4030激光再制造装备能耗监测平台,探究激光再制造过程能耗特性,在此基础上,建立激光再制造过程能耗模型,并通过激光再制造实验验证模型误差,实现激光再制造过程能耗精确建模,为后续激光再制造过程工艺参数优化奠定基础。(2)针对激光再制造过程中工艺参数与物耗、质量映射关系不明确等问题。应用响应曲面法,探究工艺参数对粉末利用率、宽高比和硬度的影响规律,建立基于回归分析的粉末利用率、宽高比和硬度的数学模型,建立工艺参数与粉末利用率、宽高比和硬度之间映射关系,确定激光再制造过程能耗、质量目标函数。(3)针对激光再制造过程中能耗大、粉末利用率低、质量不稳定等问题,提出一种面向能耗的、基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ的激光再制造过程工艺参数优化方法。以能耗、粉末利用率、宽高比和硬度为目标,建立面向能耗的激光再制造过程工艺参数多目标优化模型,并提出基于改进NSGA-Ⅱ的模型求解算法,解决模型求解前期容易陷入局部最优、后期帕累托解集收敛性差问题,获得最佳工艺参数。(4)为验证优化后工艺参数的有效性,应用LDM4030激光再制造设备,逐步进行单道单层、单道多层、多道多层实验,从能耗、物耗及质量等方面,对模型优化得到的工艺参数与正交实验选取的工艺参数进行对比分析,从而验证模型方法的有效性和可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an emerging remanufacturing technology,laser remanufacturing technology has gradually occupied an important position in aerospace,metallurgy,electric power,and other industries.However,it consumes more energy in the production process due to the long process time and multiple parameters.At present,the problem of energy consumption has become the main factor for restricting the development of laser remanufacturing technology.Therefore,it is urgent to analyze the energy consumption of the laser remanufacturing process and establish an energy consumption model to realize the prediction and control of energy consumption problems.Therefore,the laser remanufacturing equipment that is the LDM4030 is regarded as the research object.The influence of process parameters on energy consumption is deeply analyzed.The optimization method of energy consumption-oriented laser remanufacturing process parameters is systematically researched.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Aiming at the problem that is difficult for the establishment of energy consumption model caused by the complex laser remanufacturing system and many process parameters,the LDM4030 laser remanufacturing equipment energy consumption monitoring platform is established to explore the energy consumption characteristics of the laser remanufacturing process.The energy consumption model of laser remanufacturing process is established.The model errors are verified through laser remanufacturing experiments.The accurate modeling of energy consumption in the laser remanufacturing process is realized.It lays the foundation for the subsequent optimization of the process parameters in the laser remanufacturing process.(2)In the laser remanufacturing process,the relationship between process parameters,material consumption and quality is not clear.The influence of process parameters on powder utilization,aspect ratio and hardness is explored based on response surface method.The mathematical model of powder utilization,aspect ratio and hardness is established based on regression analysis.The mapping relationship between process parameters and powder utilization,aspect ratio and hardness is established.The objective function for energy consumption and quality in the laser remanufacturing process is determined.(3)Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption,low powder utilization rate,and unstable quality in the laser remanufacturing process,a parameter optimization method based on improved NSGA-Ⅱ for energy-oriented in laser remanufacturing process is proposed.The energy consumption,powder utilization,aspect ratio and hardness are regarded as targets.The multi-objective optimization model for energy consumption-oriented in laser remanufacturing process parameters is established.The model solving algorithm based on improved NSGA-Ⅱis proposed.The problems that the model is easy to fall into the local optimum in the early stage of the solution,and the Pareto solution set is in poor convergence in the later stage are solved.The best process parameters are obtained.(4)In order to verify the effectiveness of the optimized process parameters,the LDM4030 laser remanufacturing equipment is used to gradually carry out single-channel single-layer,single-channel multilayer and multi-channel multilayer experiments.The process parameters obtained by the model optimization and the process parameters selected by the orthogonal experiment are compared and analyzed from the aspects of energy consumption,material consumption and quality.The validity and feasibility of the model method are verified.更多还原