【作者】 张雪峰；

【导师】 傅新毅（Fu Hsinyi）；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 宗教学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要依据汉语佛教文献(汉译与汉地所撰)中涉及“法”之定义及其释义的记载,梳理从“法”之定义的诞生直至较为广泛地使用“轨持”(轨生物解、任持自性)二义来定义“法”之过程,并对诸定义及其诠释间的关联与变动予以辨析。通过追溯文献可知,“任持自性”是“法”较为普遍、公认的定义,源出于其词根。而此义之外的“第二义”早期曾被表述为“为他作缘”等,主要呈现为法对于“他法”之生起、存续具有的助益功能,与前者一样应当都是对法之“持”义的具体解说。后来“第二义”则主要表述为“轨生解”或“轨生物解”,这与“法”被进一步定位为“所缘缘”而能够“引生心识”和“产生知解”的功能相关(分别侧重于“缘”和“所缘”)。此种“轨持”二义及诠释随着玄奘一系的弘传(以窥基之记载为主)而成为从唐代到现代最为通行的对于“法”之认知。本文也探讨了在“轨持”二义影响下产生的诸多“变体”,它们几乎都与此“二义”相关但又混杂了多样的知识背景,展现了“轨持”二义之被接受和使用的复杂图景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the records about the definitions and interpretations of Dharma in Chinese translation and Chinese Buddhist literature,this paper sorts out the process from the earliest definition of Dharma to the form of two-meanings(轨持).The relationship between various definitions and interpretations will also be discussed.This study proves that持(hold)is the universal and recognized meaning of dharma,which originates from its root.And in the early period,the second-meaning is mainly expressed as为他作缘(pratyaya),which shows the beneficial function for the birth and survival for other dharmas,should also be a specific explanation of持.Then the second-meaning is further specified as alambana-pratyaya,and the expression is mainly changed into轨生物解,which means that dharma can give rise to the mind and generate cognition about it.With the advocation of Xuanzang and his disciples(mainly Kuiji),this definition and interpretation became the common sense from Tang Dynasty to modern times.This paper also discusses many variants and interpretations of the two-meanings in comments written in chinese,which are related to the interpretation of Xuanzang while mixed with a variety of knowledge backgrounds.Through the analysis of these records,we can see the complex image of the acceptance and interpretations of the two-meanings of dharma.更多还原