【作者】 陈晓；

【导师】 鲁安东；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 建筑学硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 纪念性博览建筑作为承载了历史记忆和精神情感的独特建筑类型,具有重要现实意义和社会价值。然而,大量从视觉组织出发的纪念性博览建筑设计对使用者空间体验的引导往往不足,使空间环境所要传递的信息和情感模糊不清。面对当下对空间体验的新诉求,设计者需要采用从使用者空间经验出发、更精确和具身的设计方法,来实现空间环境更为精确有力的影响。通过分析实际情境中较高精度的使用者个体化身体行为及其与空间环境的交互关系,就可以为建筑设计环节提供现实依据并形成有效前馈,进而逐步更新设计方法。随着微电子技术的发展,穿戴式相机以佩戴者主体视角拍摄的影像具备了记录具体情境、进行细节审查、实现经验再现等能力,为高精度、个体化的环境行为研究提供了可能。目前,影像分析在建筑使用者空间经验研究中仍为一个新兴课题,与影像工具匹配的分析方法需要得到进一步研究。基于上述问题,本文首先厘清使用者(观众)身体与纪念性博览建筑的关系,指出身体行为是纪念性博览建筑和观众交互的主要表征和客观显现,表明观众身体行为分析的重要价值和意义,以及相应分析方法的更新需求。其次,以侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆项目为依托引入身体影像方法,基于文献研究和方法创新,建构由数据采集和数据分析组合而成的身体影像方法体系,整合用于观众空间经验评估的各类型数据、采集方法及工具。而后,以身体影像数据库“输入-标记-输出”的运行机制为基础,建构作为身体影像方法核心的身体影像分析方法,对从身体影像中获取的数据类型及其定义、识别标准、获取和转化方式进行分析和设定。通过与传统非干扰行为观察获取的数据进行比较,证明了身体影像数据具有更高精度、更多维度和可靠性。接下来,以“注意力-价值”模型为理论基础,利用身体影像数据及相关数据,从行为模式、参与程度和环境感知三个方面对观众空间经验进行焦点分析和评估,判断特定展览内容或空间环境的效益。最后,基于焦点分析结论综合评估纪念馆的参观流线合理性、展示形式有效性和展览吸引力,得出综合性评估结果,对身体影像分析方法做出评价,概括其价值并作了应用展望。身体影像分析方法作为传统行为研究方法的创新,为分析个体化空间经验提供了直观、准确、多元的分析视角和低成本的分析工具。高精度、多维度的身体影像数据对于精确分析纪念性博览建筑使用者的实际空间体验具有重要价值和意义。身体影像与相关分析资源结合,可以提供观察和理解观众行为及其发生环境的重要新方法,并产生一些新发现,为建筑空间设计方法、材料、数字信息和展览交互形式的创新等提供新思路。本文正文共约59 000字,图表78幅。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a unique type of architecture that carries historical memories and emotions,memorial exhibition architecture has important practical significance and social value.However,a large number of memorial exhibition architecture designed according to visual organization are mostly insufficient to guide users’ architectural experience which makes the space communication ambiguous.Facing the new demands for architectural experience,architects need to adopt exact and embodied design approaches based on the user’s architectural experience to achieve a more exact and powerful influence of the space.By analyzing user’s detailed and individualized body behaviors and its interaction with space in the actual situation,it can provide objective evidences and effective feedforward for the design process and update the design approaches gradually.With the development of microelectronics technology,embodied moving image captured by wearable cameras have the quality to record specific situations,conduct detailed inspections,and realize experience reproduction,which provides the possibility for the research of exact and individualized environmental behavior.At present,video analysis is still an emerging research in the study of users’ space experience,and the analysis approach matching with wearable cameras needs to be studied.Based on the above problems,this thesis first clarifies the relationship between the user’s body and memorial exhibition architecture,pointing out that behavior is the main representation of the interaction,indicating the important value and significance of the visitor’s behavior analysis,as well as the demands of updating analysis approaches.Secondly,the analytical method based on embodied moving image is introduced relying on the research project,which is composed of the data collection and analysis phases based on literature research and method innovation,and various types of data with their collection methods for visitors’ architectural experience evaluation are integrated.Thirdly,the analytical method based on embodied moving image as the core of the analytical method based on embodied moving image is constructed based on the operational mechanism-‘input-label-output’-of the embodied moving image database,and the types of data obtained from the embodied moving images are analyzed with setting its definition,identification standards,acquisition and transformation methods.The comparison with the data obtained by traditional non-interference behavioral observation proves that the embodied moving image data has higher accuracy and more dimensions,and,it’s reliable.Finally,based on the attention-value model,using embodied moving image data and related data,focus analysis and evaluation of the visitors’ architectural experience are conducted from behavior pattern,participation level and environmental perception,as a basis for the benefits of specific exhibition content or space.Finally,a comprehensive evaluation result is obtained based on the conclusions of the focus analysis,including the visiting streamline rationality,display form effectiveness and exhibition environment attractiveness,and the analytical method based on embodied moving image is evaluated with its value summarized,and make an outlook of it.As an innovation of traditional methods of behavioral research,analytical method based on embodied moving image provides intuitive,accurate and diverse analysis perspectives and low-cost analysis tool for individualized architectural experience analyze.High-precision,multi-dimensional embodied moving image data is of great value and significance for accurately analyzing the actual architectural experience of users in monumental buildings.The combination of embodied moving image data and relevant analysis resources can provide important new approaches for observing and understanding visitor behavior and the environment in which it occurs,and produce some new discoveries,providing new ideas for innovation in architectural design approaches,materials,digital information,and interactive exhibition forms.The whole thesis contains about 59 000 words,78 pictures and charts.更多还原