【作者】 王艳；

【导师】 王旭梅；

【作者基本信息】 中国医科大学 ， 精神病与精神卫生学（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:本研究旨在深入了解有拒绝上学行为的青少年对父母教养行为的主观期望。为父母调整自己的教养行为提供一些依据,更好地为青少年及其家庭提供心理帮助;采用Q方法可以为国内心理学领域主观性研究提供一种新鲜、独特,科学性的研究方法,可以补充已有研究方法的不足。方法:对34名有拒绝上学行为的青少年进行了Q方法研究,采用主成分分析法进行因素分析,根据他们的陈述进行分类,揭示了有拒绝上学行为的青少年对父母教养行为的期望的聚类。结果:基于Q排序和访谈确定5个因子,分别是:期望能获得父母的尊重;期望父母夸奖而不是惩罚自己;期望父母让自己能够依赖;期望父母除了成绩能多方面的关注自己;期望父母能有自己的生活。父母应根据孩子的需要,改变自己的教养行为,加强与孩子的沟通,尊重孩子,以身作则,用自己的行为引导孩子,增加其面对困难与挑战时的韧性与毅力,减少其逃避和叛逆行为,对SRB起到预防和干预效果。结论:1.在有拒绝上学行为的青少年中,从主观上认为父母的教养行为对自己的拒绝上学的行为是有一定影响的。2.有拒绝上学行为的青少年对父母教养行为有不同的期望的,其中包括:期望能获得父母的尊重;期望父母夸奖而不是惩罚自己;期望父母让自己能够依赖;期望父母除了成绩能多方面的关注自己;期望父母能有自己的生活。3.Q方法可以对现有研究青少年拒绝上学问题和父母教养行为问题的方法进行补充,为国内心理学领域的主观性研究提供一种新鲜、独特,具有科学性的研究方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives: The purpose of this study was to understand the subjective expectations of adolescents with school refusal behavior on their parenting behavior.To provide some basis for parents to adjust their parenting behavior,better for teenagers and families to provide psychological help;The adoption of Q method can provide novel and scientific research methods for subjectivity research in the field of psychology in China,and can make up for the shortcomings of existing research methods.Methods: 34 teenagers who refused to go to school were studied with Q methodology.Principal component analysis was used for factor analysis.According to their statements,they were classified to reveal the clustering of expectations of teenagers who refused to go to school on parents’ rearing behavior.Results: Five factors were determined based on Q-sort and interview.They were:expectation to gain respect from parents;Expecting parents to praise,not punish;Expecting parents to make them reliable;Expect parents to pay attention to themselves in addition to grades;Expect parents to have their own lives.Parents should change their parenting behaviors according to their children’s needs,strengthen communication with their children,respect their children,set an example,guide their children with their own behaviors,increase their resilience and perseverance in the face of difficulties and challenges,reduce their avoidance and rebellious behaviors,and play a preventive and intervention effect on SRB.Conclusion: 1.Subjectively,adolescents who refuse to go to school believe that their parents’ upbringing behavior has certain influence on their own refusal to go to school.2.Adolescents with school refusal behaviors have different expectations on parenting behaviors,including: they expect to be respected by their parents;Expecting parents to praise,not punish;Expecting parents to make them reliable;Expect parents to pay attention to themselves in addition to grades;Expect parents to have their own lives3.Q method can supplement the existing methods of studying adolescents’ school refusal and parenting behavior problems.Unique and scientific research method for subjectivity research in the field of psychology in China.更多还原