【作者】 李佳；

【导师】 李贺； 焦涛；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 建筑与土木工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 “河长制”是中国为治理水环境污染、修复水生态健康、强化执法监管的一项创新性举措。随着生态文明建设的不断推进,水环境污染问题仍然是国家重点关注的难题,全面推行“河长制”刻不容缓。无锡市作为“河长制”的典型示范城市,经过多年不断的改进和完善,将“河长制”的工作推入了新的阶段,其中宜兴市被赋予“生态引领区”并需开展全方位的工作,而“河长制”支撑体系在该区实施过程中还存在诸多问题尚待优化。因此,基于宜兴市生态引领区的建设,对宜兴市“河长制”支撑体系实施现状进行综合评估,并分析其存在的不足,因地制宜地提出优化路径,以期为其他地区“河长制”的完善与推广提供可借鉴的参考。本研究在对宜兴市的社会条件、经济条件和环境条件进行全方面调研的基础上,结合江苏省太湖流域水生态功能区划,将宜兴市划分为三个区:水生态Ⅰ级区、水生态Ⅱ级区和水生态Ⅲ级区。针对三个区的河湖布设了监测点位并对水质和水生物数据进行监测,同时沿点位开展问卷调查,了解当前“河长制”支撑体系实施后的河湖健康情况和社会功能现状。其次,采用DPSIRM框架模型,并将其评价指标体系(25个评估指标)与宜兴市生态引领区“河长制”支撑体系结合,构建最终的综合评估体系。再次,运用层次分析法进行指标权重的计算,并基于云模型建立综合评估等级和标准,对评估结果进行量化。最后,根据宜兴市生态引领区“河长制”支撑体系实施现状的分析和评估结果,提出优化路径。实施现状评估结果如下:组织构架体系、目标指标体系、考核体系的完善度分别为一般、中、中;社会经济环境、组织构架体系、目标指标体系、考核体系这4个准则层的权重分别为0.07、0.21、0.37、0.35;社会经济环境、组织构架体系、目标指标体系、考核体系的评估分数分别为4.00、3.21、3.43、2.93,评估等级为优、良、良、中;结合权重得到综合评估分数为3.26,综合评估等级为良。结果表明,宜兴市生态引领区“河长制”支撑体系的实施现状评估分数不高,支撑体系需要进一步优化完善。建议优化路径如下:组织构架体系可以从务实组织基础、加强人才引进、进一步细化职责、上下游联动治理等路径优化;目标指标体系可以从增加水生态指标、推动河湖监管现代化、拓宽公众参与渠道、增强社会功能等路径优化;考核体系可以通过多元化考核主体、完善考核指标体系、加强考核监督等手段改善。通过上述优化路径,为宜兴市生态引领区“河长制”支撑体系注入崭新的力量,创造一个更加绿色的未来。更多还原

【Abstract】 "River chief system" is an innovative measure taken by China to control water environment pollution,repair water ecological health,and strengthen law enforcement supervision.With the continuous advancement of ecological civilization construction,the problem of water pollution is still a major concern of the state,and the full implementation of "river chief system" must not be delayed.Wuxi City,as the typical demonstration city of "river chief system",has pushed the work of "river chief system" into a new stage after years of continuous improvement and improvement.Among them,Yixing is endowed with "ecological leading area" and needs to launch omnibearing work.However,there are still numerous problems to be optimized in the implementation process of "river chief system" supporting system.Therefore,based on the construction of the ecological leading area in Yixing City,the implementation status of "river chief system" supporting system in Yixing is evaluated comprehensively,and analyzed its shortcomings.Then the optimization is proposed according to local conditions,with a view to providing a reference for the improvement and promotion of "river chief system" in other regions.On the basis of comprehensive research on social,economic and environmental conditions of Yixing City,combined with the Taihu basin water ecological function division of Jiangsu province,this study divided the Yixing City into three areas: Grade I aquatic ecological area,Grade II aquatic ecological area,Grade III aquatic ecological area.Monitoring points were deployed for rivers and lakes in the three areas to monitor water quality and aquatic data.Simultaneously,questionnaire surveys were conducted along the monitoring points.The purpose was to grasp the current health status of the rivers and lakes and social function status under the implementation of "river chief system" supporting system.Secondly,the evaluation index system(25 evaluation indexes)of the DPSIRM framework model introduced was combined with "river chief system" supporting system in the ecological leading area of Yixing.Thirdly,the analytic hierarchy process was applied to calculate the index weights.Comprehensive evaluation levels and standards were established based on the cloud model,and the evaluation results were quantified.Finally,the optimal paths were designed,according to the analysis and evaluation results of the implementation status of "river chief system" supporting system in the ecological leading area of Yixing.The evaluation results of the implementation status were as follows.The completeness of the organizational framework system,target index system,and assessment system were general,medium,and medium.The weights of the four criteria levels of the socio-economic environment,organizational framework system,target index system,and assessment system were 0.07,0.21,0.37,and 0.35.The evaluation scores of the socio-economic environment,organizational framework system,target indicator system,and assessment system were 4.00,3.21,3.43,and 2.93 and the evaluation levels were excellent,good,good,and medium.The comprehensive evaluation score combined weights was 3.26,and the comprehensive evaluation level was good.The result was found that the implementation status of "river chief system" supporting system in the ecological leading area of Yixing did not get a high evaluation score and the supporting system needed to be further optimited.The recommended optimization paths were as follows.The organizational framework system could be optimized with stabilizing organizational basis,strengthening talent introduction,further detailing responsibilities,and upstream and downstream linkage governance.The target indicator system could be optimized by increasing water ecological indicators,promoting modernization of river and lake supervision,broadening public participation channels,and enhancing social functions.The assessment system could be improved by diversifying assessment subjects,improving the assessment index system,and strengthening assessment supervision,and other paths.The "river chief system" supporting system in the ecological leading area of Yixing would be given new powers and create a greener future through the above-mentioned optimization path.更多还原