【作者】 魏宇；

【导师】 朱利；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 光学工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 表面增强拉曼散射（Surface enhanced Raman scattering,SERS）技术具有极高的灵敏性,可以通过其独特的振动指纹来对特定分析物分析研究,在表面科学、分析化学、食品安全、环境监测和生物医学领域都有着重要的作用和巨大的发展潜力。表面增强拉曼散射在应用方面涉及的基本问题是高性能的SRES基底的制备。自组装的方法制备SERS基底简单、便捷。其中,两相界面组装金属纳米颗粒的方法简单快速,研究前景广阔。本文围绕以下几点展开研究:（1）使用两步法制备银溶胶,制备出了分散性好,均匀的球形银纳米颗粒。利用乙醇作为牵引剂,在甲苯/水两相界面进行银纳米颗粒的自组装,转移到聚二甲基硅氧烷（Polydimethylsiloxane,PDMS）上制备成均匀有序的SERS基底。研究了液液成膜制备SERS基底的工艺条件,并分析了不同制备条件对成膜性能影响的可能原因。（2）为提高银纳米颗粒的利用率,对制备银膜的方案进行了改进。在银胶/甲苯界面处添加牵引剂稀硝酸,剧烈振荡30s后静置,形成类金属液滴（Metal liquid-like droplets）。将类金属液滴转移至PDMS上形成SERS基底,以罗丹明6G（Rhodamine 6G,R6G）作为拉曼探针分子,对基底进行了灵敏性、均匀性及重复性评估。实验结果表明,该基底有较好的均匀性（RSD=14.6%）及重复性（RSD=11.6%）,检出限低至10^-9M,且具有双相检测能力。对水体污染物孔雀石绿进行了SERS检测,检出限可达10^-8M。（3）以稀硝酸作为牵引剂,利用超快微流混合器取代宏观剧烈振荡过程,对银胶水溶液、液体石蜡进行混合,在微流通道内生成类金属液滴,省略了膜转移的过程,制备了具有SERS活性的微流芯片。利用R6G进行了灵敏性、均匀性及重复性评估。实验结果表明,该基底具备良好的均匀性（RSD=11.1%）及重复性（RSD=12.7%）,检出限可低至10^-9M,且具有双组分检测能力。对水体污染物亚甲基蓝进行了SERS检测,检出限可达10^-8M。更多还原

【Abstract】 Surface enhanced Raman scattering（SERS）technology has high sensitivity.It can be used to analyze specific analytes through its unique vibration fingerprint.It has important role and great development potential in surface science,analytical chemistry,food safety,environmental monitoring and biomedical fields.The basic problem in the application of SERS is the preparation of high performance SERS substrate.It is simple and convenient to fabricate SERS substrate by self-assembly.Among them,the two-phase interfacial assembly of metal nanoparticles is simple and rapid,and has a broad prospect.The method of metal nanoparticles assembly on the interface of two phases is simple and rapid,and has a broad prospect.This paper focuses on the following aspects:（1）Silver sol was prepared by two-step method,and spherical silver nanoparticles with good dispersion and uniformity were prepared.Using ethanol as promoter,silver nanoparticles were self-assembled at toluene/water interface and transferred to polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS）to prepare uniform and ordered SERS substrates.The technological conditions of SERS substrate prepared by liquid-liquid film forming were studied,and the possible reasons for the influence of different preparation conditions on the properties of SERS substrate were analyzed.（2）In order to improve the utilization of silver nanoparticles,the scheme of preparing silver film was improved.At the interface of silver glue and toluene,dilute nitric acid was added,and then it was shaken violently for 30 s,and then it was left standing to form metal liquid-like droplets.Rhodamine 6G（R6G）was used as a Raman probe molecule to evaluate the sensitivity,uniformity and repeatability of the SERS substrate.The experimental results show that the substrate has good uniformity（RSD=14.6%）and repeatability（RSD=11.6%）,the detection limit can be as low as 10^-9 M,and it has the ability of dual phase detection.The detection limit of malachite green was 10^-8 M.（3）A microfluidic chip with SERS activity was prepared by mixing silver glue solution and liquid paraffin with dilute nitric acid as traction agent,instead of macro violent oscillation process,silver glue solution and liquid paraffin were mixed in the microfluidic channel to form metal like droplets,which omitted the process of membrane transfer.The sensitivity,uniformity and repeatability of R6G were evaluated.The experimental results show that the substrate has good uniformity（RSD=11.1%）and repeatability（RSD=12.7%）,the detection limit can be as low as 10^-9 M,and it has the ability of two-component detection.The detection limit of methylene blue was 10^-8 M.更多还原