【作者】 沈洁；

【导师】 史永高； 曹伟；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【副题名】柯布与巴西建筑中遮阳启动的围护界面的“技术—文化”双重维度初探

【摘要】 19世纪末以来建筑外围护体由厚到薄、由实体到层叠的变化,得益于材料和技术上更多的可能性,并成为“自由立面”不必明言的特征之一。但是为了应对热带气候而来的遮阳体,使得这种轻薄“立面”在深度方向上得到发展,并且因为这种空间性的“深度”,外围护体与一定区域的生活和行为方式之间发展出更为紧密的关系。此时,外围护体既是新兴技术的练场,也是日常生活的舞台,它凸显了建筑中一直就有但在当代却似乎被日渐忽略的技术-文化双重性。本文选取勒·柯布西耶的建筑以及深受其影响同时也对其有重要反哺意义的巴西现代建筑,以考察这一现象。论文首先梳理了 20世纪以来围绕建筑围护界面进行的主题性讨论,进而以柯布西耶因遮阳而来的实践转向为线索,考察其建筑围护界面由“厚度”向“深度”的变化过程,尤其是其中的技术特征以及对待技术的态度。然后转向深受勒·柯布西耶“遮阳”思想影响的巴西现代建筑,考察其在热带气候条件下,基于本土的技术水平与物质条件、生活方式与传统、民族意识的觉醒以及自我身份的追寻,在建筑围护界面的“深度”方向所获得的技术与文化的兼顾。基于以上讨论,论文最后对建筑中的“表演”(performance)展开讨论,指出柯布西耶建筑中的技术“制约”和文化“转向”,以及巴西现代建筑中的技术“创造”和文化“消解”,以此展现建筑中这种深度方向上的“表演”同时具有技术和文化层面的含义,并因之而更具意义上的深度。通过这些对历史与地域片段的并置、考察、分辨,论文呈现了对于由遮阳启动的现代建筑围护界面的特别认识与思考,以及其中蕴含的技术与文化双重维度;同时也试图以此警醒当代建筑实践中的单纯效能化倾向,以及对于“表演”主题之丰富内涵的的选择性失明与失语。正文部分约105000字,图133幅。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the end of the 19th centrury benefited from more possibilities of materials and technology,the enclosure of the building is transferred from thick to thin,from monolithic to layered construction,and has become one of the features of the "free facade" that need not be stated explicitly.However,the Brise-Soleil,designed for dealing with the tropical climate,made this thin and light "facade" developed in the depth direction,and because of this spatial"depth",the enclosure and the everyday life in a certain region has developed a closer relationship.At this moment,the enclosure is both a practice field for emerging technologies and a stage for everyday life.It highlights the culture-technology duality that has always been in the architecture but seems to be gradually ignored in the contemporary era.In order to investigate this phenomenon,Le Corbusier’s architecture and the modern Brazilian architecture,which that is deeply influenced by Corbusier and meaningful to Corbusier,are selected as research object.Firstly,the thematic discussions since the 20th century about architectural enclosure are sorted out,and then Corbusier’s practice shift from shading is selected as a clue to examine the transformation of enclosure from "thickness" to"depth",especially its technical characteristics and attitude towards technology.Then this paper turns to the modern Brazilian architecture,which was deeply influenced by Le Corbusier’s "Brise-Soleil",idea.Based on its local technical standard and material conditions,lifestyle and tradition,national consciousness and self-identity pursuit under tropical climate conditions,the balance of technology and culture obtained in the "depth" direction of the enclosure is investigated.Through the above-mentioned discussion,the paper concludes with a discussion of"performance" in architecture,noting the technical "restrictions" and cultural "turns" in Corbusier’s architecture,as well as the technical "creations" and culture "dissolution" in modern Brazilian architecture,which is purposed to present that the "performance" in the depth direction of the building has technology-culture duality,and therefore also result in a more meaningful depth.Through the juxtaposition,investigation,and discrimination of history and regional fragments,the paper presents special understanding and thinking of the modern architectural enclosure driven by shading,as well as the technology and culture duality contained therein;it also attempts to be alert the tendency of pure efficiency in contemporary architectural practice,and the selective blindness and aphasia of the rich connotation on the theme of"performance".更多还原