【作者】 杨洋；

【导师】 石冠峰；

【作者基本信息】 石河子大学 ， 工商管理， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 在如今快节奏工作环境中,组织对员工完成任务的时间要求越来越高,这种高要求导致的时间紧迫感带给个体巨大的压力,时间压力愈发成为学者和企业关注并力争解决的问题。同样地,企业要想在激流勇进中持续立于不败之地,对创新的要求可谓亟不可待。创新行为的成功落实离不开富有创造性的想法,员工处于企业完成具体任务的最前线,他们富有创造性的想法和建议最能反映和有效处理企业存在的弊病。因此,员工在工作中既要承受时间紧迫带来的压力,又要应对企业给予的创造力要求,时常面临“时间紧、任务重”的困境。但在实际工作中,员工在紧迫的时间压力下“急中生智”或者“迫于组织角色责任”而产出创造性成果的现象不胜枚举,这一现象还未得到很好的理论解释。现有研究中对时间压力与员工创造力间的中介作用机制关注较为匮乏,且多通过时间压力引发员工不同认知焦点、工作投入等来影响创造力,鲜有研究关注通过激发员工潜在能力和影响心理身份感知对创造力产生的影响。在实际组织中,压力环境下所激发出的潜在能力、角色责任感知及他人信任支持均能对个体的创造性成果展现起到一定的助推作用。因此,本研究基于自我决定理论,根据时间压力二维框架将时间压力分为挑战性时间压力和阻碍性时间压力,旨在探讨两类时间压力对员工创造力的积极影响作用。以395名90后新生代员工为研究样本,结果表明:挑战性时间压力和阻碍性时间压力均对员工创造力有显著正向影响;即兴能力和责任感知分别在挑战性时间压力与员工创造力和阻碍性时间压力与员工创造力间起到完全中介作用;被信任感分别在挑战性时间压力与即兴能力和阻碍性时间压力与责任感知间起正向调节作用,并进一步调节了即兴能力和责任感知的中介作用。研究结果从内部动机和外部动机内化视角为不同类型时间压力与员工创造力间的作用机制开拓出新路径,弥补了现有研究对不同类型时间压力划分方式的匮乏关注,对“不同类型时间压力都能产出积极成果”提供新的解释。同时也为管理者在引导员工进行合理时间管理、有效应对时间压力问题提供解决思路,并为员工在无法避免遇到时间压力时能更好地为自身和组织产出创造力提供启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 In today’s fast-paced work environment,organizations have increasingly high requirements on the time required for employees to complete tasks.Such high requirements lead to a sense of time urgency,which brings great pressure to individuals.Time pressure has increasingly become a problem that scholars and enterprises pay attention to and strive to solve.Similarly,if an enterprise is to remain invincible in the current,there is a strong demand for innovation.The successful implementation of innovative behavior can not be separated from creative ideas.Employees are at the forefront of the enterprise to complete specific tasks,and their creative ideas and suggestions can best reflect and effectively deal with the defects existing in the enterprise.Therefore,in the work,employees have to bear the pressure brought by the tight time,and also have to deal with the creative requirements given by the enterprise,and often face the dilemma of "tight time and heavy task".However,in practical work,there are numerous phenomena that employees produce creative achievements under the pressure of urgent time or under the pressure of organizational role responsibility,which has not been well explained in theory.Existing studies have paid little attention to the mediating mechanism between time pressure and employees’ creativity,and most of them influence employees’ creativity through different cognitive focus and job involvement caused by time pressure.Few studies have focused on the influence of stimulating employees’ potential ability and affecting their psychological identity perception on creativity.In the actual organization,the potential ability,the perception of role responsibility and the trust and support of others stimulated under the pressure environment can all play a certain role in promoting the display of individual creative achievements.Therefore,this research is based on self-determination theory,according to the time pressure of two-dimensional frame time pressure can be divided into challenging time pressure and obstructive time,is to investigate two kinds of time pressure positive role on employees’ creativity.Taking 395 post-90 s employees as the research sample,the results show that both challenging time pressure and obstructive time pressure have significant positive effects on employee creativity;improvisational capability and felt obligation played a completely mediating role in the relationship between challenging time stress and employee creativity,and obstructive time stress and employee creativity,respectively.Feeling trusted positively moderated the relationship between challenge time pressure and improvisational capability and hindrance time pressure and felt obligation,respectively,and further moderated the mediating effects of improvisational capability and felt obligation.From the perspective of internalization of internal motivation and external motivation,the results of this study open up a new path for the mechanism between different types of time pressure and employee creativity,which makes up for the lack of attention paid to the classification of different types of time pressure in existing research,and provides a new explanation for "different types of time pressure can produce positive results".At the same time,it also provides ideas for managers to guide employees to conduct reasonable time management and effectively deal with time pressure,and provides enlightenment for employees to better contribute their own and organizational output creativity when they cannot avoid time pressure.更多还原