【作者】 吴杰；

【导师】 杨文华； 孙世芳；

【作者基本信息】 燕山大学 ， 公共管理硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 贫困问题一直是阻碍人类社会文明发展的难题和痛点。党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央精心布局全面打响了脱贫攻坚战。2020年实现了现行标准下农村贫困人口全部脱贫,832个贫困县全部摘帽,消除了绝对贫困和区域性整体贫困,近1亿贫困人口实现脱贫,中国的扶贫减贫工作取得了举世瞩目的成绩。但脱贫攻坚完成,并不意味着扶贫工作的结束,这只是完成摆脱整体性贫困、绝对贫困的第一步。在今后的工作中,如何能巩固住脱贫攻坚成果,探索如何构建起全面、精准地防范脱贫户返贫的预警监测机制与长效机制,将是各级政府部门、社会组织机构及全体社成员共同面对的重大课题。本文综合运用精准扶贫理论、贫困代际传递理论及参与式扶贫理论,采用文献研究法、问卷调查法、访谈法等研究方法,以秦皇岛市L镇为切入点,对L镇精准扶贫取得的阶段性进展成果展开调查统计分析,发现L镇精准扶贫背后存在政府执行扶贫政策形式化、脱贫人口过度依赖脱贫政策、教育基础薄弱且帮扶能力有限、因病因残致贫户返贫风险高、产业帮扶成效低等潜在引发返贫的风险,在深入分析造成这些风险成因的基础上,就L镇精准防范返贫提出了政府主导建立健全精准防范返贫预警体系、脱贫主体提升自主脱贫能力、用教育之力斩断返贫代际传递、整合多方力量防返贫、振兴本地产业实现可持续性帮扶的对策。本文的研究成果,不仅为L镇建立精准防范返贫预警体系,巩固脱贫成果,实现可持续脱贫提供有益指导,同时也对其他乡镇地区开展精准防范返贫工作提供参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poverty has been a difficult problem and pain point hindering the development of human social civilization.Since the 18 th CPC National Congress,the careful layout of the central part of the party,with Xi’s Communist Party as its core,has completely impacted the poverty-rejection battle.Poverty reduction and poverty reduction in China have been achieved by 2020 through the implementation of universal poverty-reduction in rural areas under current standards,with capping of all 832 poor counties,eliminating absolute and regional overall poverty,and nearly 100 million poor individuals.But the completion of poverty alleviation does not mean the end of poverty alleviation,which is just the first step in accomplishing escape from overall poverty,absolute poverty.In future work,how to consolidate the poverty recovery and explore how to construct an early warning monitoring mechanism with a long-lasting mechanism to prevent the poverty return from poverty in a comprehensive and precise manner will be a major topic for all levels of government,social organizations and all members of society.Based on the theory of targeted poverty alleviation,intergenerational poverty transmission theory and participatory poverty alleviation theory,this paper uses literature research,questionnaire survey,interview and other research methods,taking l town of Qinhuangdao City as the breakthrough point,carries out a survey and statistical analysis on the phased progress of targeted poverty alleviation in L Town,and finds that there are some problems behind the targeted poverty alleviation in L Town,such as the formalization of poverty alleviation policies implemented by the government and the people out of poverty On the basis of in-depth analysis of the causes of these risks,this paper puts forward some suggestions for the accurate prevention of poverty return in L Town,such as the government led establishment and improvement of the early warning system for accurate prevention of poverty return,the improvement of the independent ability of poverty relief by the main body of poverty relief,the establishment of the early warning system for accurate prevention of poverty return,the improvement of the independent ability of poverty relief by the main body of poverty relief We should use the power of education to cut off the intergenerational transmission of returning to poverty,integrate various forces to prevent returning to poverty,revitalize the local industry and realize sustainable assistance.The research results of this paper not only provide useful guidance for L town to establish the early warning system of precise prevention of poverty return,consolidate the achievements of poverty relief and realize sustainable poverty relief,but also provide reference for other township areas to carry out precise prevention of poverty return.更多还原