【作者】 陈林；

【导师】 杨晓萍；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 学前教育学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 幼儿园课程审议强调各个参与主体之间就课程实践问题所进行的平等合作、对话协商,是教育民主化进程不断推进过程中的重要关注点之一,有效的对话协商不仅能够保障各个参与主体的课程审议权力,而且能够有效促进幼儿园课程决策的民主化与科学化,提升幼儿园课程质量。然而现实中的幼儿园课程审议并不总是和谐、民主、自由的,而是表现为一种冲突与和谐并存的权力关系。只有充分认识到幼儿园课程审议中的这种权力关系才能够把握幼儿园课程审议的本质,但是关于幼儿园课程审议中权力运作的研究并不多。因此,在哲学、社会学、教育学等多学科的基础上,基于福柯微观权力理论的幼儿园课程审议中权力运作的研究对于认识和把握幼儿园课程审议中各个主体间的权力关系具有重要的理论和实践意义。首先以福柯的微观权力理论为基础,将微观权力理论作为幼儿园课程审议中权力运作的本体性理论,从四大维度阐释了幼儿园课程审议中权力运作的理性之义:其一,在民主、实践、共赢的价值取向中,彰显公平正义的关怀,强调对话协商的过程,凸显多元差异的尊重;其二,在课程审议权力运作的关系结构中,强调课程审议权力主体与客体之间的有效融合;其三,动态生成的权力运作过程趋向,与幼儿园课程审议主体的对话协商和课程实践问题的契合与回应,实现在预设与生成中的动态发展;其四,以对话协商的逻辑理路,让幼儿园课程审议主体在课程审议中实现自身的权力诉求。基于此,本研究在微观权力理论的视角下,将幼儿园课程审议作为本研究的切入点,深入幼儿园课程审议现场,运用观察法和访谈法,对幼儿园课程审议的审议制度、审议内容、审议主体以及审议流程四个方面进行了深入考察。研究发现B幼儿园对于幼儿园课程审议有着深刻的认识和丰富的实践,存在着值得肯定的地方,始于课程实践问题,彰显公平正义的价值取向,凸显多元文化的尊重,内容选择符合儿童的身心发展特点和兴趣需要,能够有效促进幼儿园课程实践问题的共识达成。但幼儿园课程审议中仍存在着权力运作异化的问题,即审议权力过于集中、审议主体间的对话缺乏深入思考及静态表征的过程趋向等异化问题,使得幼儿园课程审议中权力未能得到有效运作。根据现实考察的结果,幼儿园课程审议的权力运作过程中存在着权力生态结构失衡、行政权力居于权力核心、弱势权力群体的沉默等问题症结。从审议主体、幼儿园和社会三个层面对幼儿园课程审议中权力运作的影响因素进行剖析。个体审议权力权责不对称、审议权力意识缺乏以及审议能力的限制会影响幼儿园课程审议权力运作能否实现权力间的有效平衡。此外幼儿园的园所文化会影响幼儿园课程审议制度、内容以及过程。社会环境的权力观念冲突、审议环境以及幼儿园物质环境均会潜移默化地影响幼儿园课程审议中权力运作的过程和结果。最后,根据幼儿园审议权力运作中存在的问题及影响因素,结合福柯的微观权力理论,提出幼儿园课程审议中权力运作的实现路径:其一,幼儿园课程审议中的权力运作需要重构幼儿园课程审议权责体系,明确教育行政部门的主导与专家的引导、发挥园长的领导作用以及保障幼儿园教师、家长和幼儿的审议权力;其二,建构多元参与的幼儿园课程审议共同体,营造民主自由的共同文化氛围,构建双向的课程审议机制,实现权力下放以及发成审议共同体间基于“实践问题”的有效对话;其三,幼儿园课程审议中的有效权力运作还应加强审议的文化建设,梳理家园课程审议合作意识与审议环境回归课程审议文化品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 Kindergarten curriculum review emphasized between curriculum practice each participation main body of equality,cooperation,dialogue and consultation,education is one of the important concerns in the process of democratization process constantly improve,effective dialogue and consultation can not only guarantee the participation subject curriculum review power,but also can effectively promote the democratization and scientific process of kindergarten curriculum decision-making,improving the quality of kindergarten curriculum.However,in reality,the kindergarten curriculum review is not always harmonious,democratic and free,but shows a conflict and harmonious coexisting power relationship.Only by fully recognizing the power relationship in the kindergarten curriculum deliberation can we grasp the essence of the kindergarten curriculum deliberation.However,there are not many studies on the operation of power in the kindergarten curriculum deliberation.Therefore,on the basis of philosophy,sociology,pedagogy and other disciplines,the study of power operation in kindergarten curriculum review based on Foucault’s micro power theory has an important theory for understanding and grasping the power relationship between various subjects in kindergarten curriculum review and practical significance.First of all,on the basis of Foucault’s theory of micro power,micro power theory as the kindergarten curriculum review in the noumenon theory of power operation,from the four dimensions illustrates the rationality of power operation in the kindergarten curriculum review of righteousness: first,in a democracy,and the value orientation of the practice,win-win,reveal the justice care,emphasizes the process of dialogue and consultation,highlight the multiple differences of respect;Secondly,in the relationship structure of the operation of the power of curriculum deliberation,the effective integration between the subject and object of the power of curriculum deliberation is emphasized.Third,the power operation process trend of dynamic generation,the correspondence and response with the dialogue and consultation of the subject of kindergarten curriculum review and curriculum practice issues,and the realization of dynamic development in the preset and generation;Fourthly,through the logic of dialogue and negotiation,the subject of kindergarten curriculum review can realize their own demands for power in the course of curriculum review.Based on this,from the perspective of micro power theory,this study takes kindergarten curriculum review as the entry point,goes deep into the site of kindergarten curriculum review,and uses observation and interview methods to conduct in-depth investigation on four aspects of kindergarten curriculum review,including the review system,the review content,the review subject and the review process.Study found that B kindergarten for the kindergarten curriculum review has a profound understanding and rich practice,there exists a positive place,began in the curriculum practice problems,reveal the value orientation of justice,highlights the respect of the multicultural,content selection meets children’s physical and mental development characteristics and interested needs,and can effectively promote the consensus of kindergarten curriculum practice However,there are still problems of alienation of power operation in kindergarten curriculum review,that is,excessive concentration of deliberative power,lack of in-depth thinking in the dialogue between deliberative subjects and the tendency of static representation and other alienation problems,which make the power cannot be effectively operated in kindergarten curriculum review.According to the results of reality investigation,the paper analyzes the influencing factors of power operation in kindergarten curriculum review from three aspects,namely,the subject of review,kindergarten and society.The asymmetry of individual deliberative power,the lack of deliberative power awareness and the limitation of deliberative power will affect whether the operation of deliberative power in kindergarten curriculum can achieve an effective balance between powers.In addition,the kindergarten culture will affect the kindergarten curriculum review system,content and process.The conflict of power concept in social environment,the deliberative environment and the material environment of kindergarten will influence the process and result of power operation in the deliberative curriculum of kindergarten imperceptibly.Finally,according to the problems existing in the kindergarten review power operation and its influence factors,in combination with foucault’s theory of micro power,put forward the realization of the kindergarten curriculum deliberation the power operation path: first,the power operations in kindergarten curriculum need to refactor the kindergarten curriculum review,clearing the leadership and expert guidance of the education administrative department,playing the leadership of the gardener,and ensuring the review power of kindergarten teachers,parents and children;Second,construct a multi-participation kindergarten curriculum review community,create a democratic and free common cultural atmosphere,construct a two-way curriculum review mechanism,realize decentralization of power and develop an effective dialogue based on "practical issues" between the review community;Thirdly,the effective power operation in the kindergarten curriculum review should also strengthen the cultural construction of the review,and sort out the cooperative consciousness of the home curriculum review and the return of the review environment to the cultural quality of the curriculum review.更多还原