【作者】 王芳；

【导师】 王冬梅；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 2013年教育部开始实施对普通高中课程的修改工作,2017年发布了修订之后的各学科课程标准。各学科的课程标准中都强调了要落实学科核心素养,要在全面贯彻党的教育方针和发展素质教育以及落实立德树人根本任务方面,充分发挥各学科的作用。在新的高中化学课程标准发布之后,笔者参加了所在市区教研员主持的“高中化学核心素养解读”的培训。通过培训学习,笔者认识到化学核心素养的培育和养成,关键在于如何将这些素养和理念细化落实到每一节课的教学设计和实践中。所以,为了解决教师在化学计算中对化学核心素养的培养途径和方法问题,本文从教学设计与实践的角度,探究如何进行教学设计与实践,更有利于培养学生的化学核心素养。本文分为五部分来阐述基于核心素养下化学计算的教学设计与实践探究。第一部分阐述研究的背景、现状、方法、过程及研究的意义。第二部分阐述相关核心概念和教育学理论。第三部分阐述培养化学核心素养的教学设计方法。分别从教学设计的思路和教学设计的策略两方面加以论述。第四部分阐述基于化学核心素养的初中化学计算教学实践研究。首先,通过访谈法和问卷调查法,了解初三学生在化学计算中的学习现状以及初三教师对化学核心素养的认识和对学生的培养现状,为更好地在化学计算中培育化学核心素养作准备。其次,在建构主义学习理论、人本主义学习理论的指导下,对初中化学计算进行基于化学核心素养的教学设计。本文以“利用化学方程式的简单计算”和“溶液的浓度”为例进行教学设计分析。最后,在实验班和对照班进行两学期的对照教学,实验班采用基于化学核心素养的教学设计进行教学,对照班采用传统教学模式进行教学。教学实践后,通过课堂观察法、访谈法、实验数据分析法对实验班和对照班进行教学效果对照。第五部分,得出研究结论。通过研究分析可知,基于化学核心素养的教学,学生积极性和参与度更高;学生的学科思维能力、解决问题的能力更能得到培养,从而有效提高了教学效果,进而培育了学生的化学核心素养;同时增强了教师的教学能力,促进了教师的专业成长。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2013,the education authorities began to reform the curriculum of general high schools.And in 2017,the Ministry of Education issued revised curriculum standards for all disciplines,in which emphasized the need to implement the core qualities of each curriculum and to give full play to the role of each curriculum in comprehensively carrying out the Party’s education policy and developing quality education,as well as in implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education.After the release of the new high school chemistry curriculum standards,I had a opportunity to participate in a training on the interpretation of the core elements of high school chemistry conducted by teaching and research staff in my city.Through the training,I realized that the key to developing and nurturing the core chemical literacy lies in how to put these qualities and concepts into practice in each instructional design.Therefore,this paper explores what instructional design is more conducive to the development of students’ core literacy to solve the current problem of methods and approaches to the development of students’ core literacy in chemical calculation.This paper is divided into five sections to carry out the instructional design research of chemical calculation based on the core chemical literacy.In the first section,the introduction introduces the background of the study,the methodology,the process and the significance of the study.In the second section,we sort out the relevant core concepts and pedagogical theories through literature study.In the third section,the methods of instructional design for the development of core chemistry literacy are discussed form the ideas of the teaching design,the tactics of teaching design.In the fourth section,this article sets forth the teaching practice studying of junior high school chemical calculation based on chemical core attainment.First of all,through interviewing method and questionnaire survey,it understands the learning situation of students in the third year of middle school in chemical calculation,and the teachers’ acquaintance of the chemical core attainment in the third year of middle school and the current situation of their cultivation of students,so as to get ready for better cultivating students’ chemical core attainment in chemical calculation.Secondly,under the instruction of constructivism learning theory and humanistic learning theory,it conducts teaching design on the junior high school chemical calculation based on chemical core attainment.This article conducts the analysis of teaching design by taking "the simple calculation by taking advantage of chemical equation" and "the concentration of solution" as examples.Finally,two semesters of contrast teaching was carried out in the experimental class and the control class.The experimental class conducts teaching by employing the teaching design based on the chemical core attainment,and the control class conducts teaching by employing the traditional teaching mode.After the teaching practice,it contrasts the teaching effects between the experimental class and the control class through classroom observational method,interviewing method and experimental data analysis method.In the fifth section,the research conclusions are drawn.From the analysis of the study,it can be seen that the instructional design based on core chemistry literacy can develop great core chemistry literacy in students and effectively improve teaching effectiveness;at the same time,it enhances teachers’ teaching ability and promotes their professional growth.更多还原