【作者】 杨扬；

【导师】 王华书；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 农村与区域发展， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 畜牧业是农村经济发展的主要产业之一,可以促进农业发展、农村稳定、农民增收。随着畜牧业的快速发展,动物疫病尤其是非洲猪瘟、高致病性禽流感等重大动物疫病的发生,严重威胁着农村畜牧业的发展以及农村区域经济的稳定增长。在农村,动物防疫工作虽然得以开展,并引起了社会各界的高度重视,但却仍然存在一些问题,进而不同程度地阻碍了动物防疫工作的开展,而防疫工作出现的各种问题会对农村区域经济的发展造成不同程度的冲击,有效开展防疫工作对于切实提升农村区域经济具有重要的意义。政府改善公共卫生安全和动物食品安全的关键方式是建设动物防疫体系,动物防疫体系同时也是政府在社会管理和提供公共社会服务的职责之一。本文对贵州省动物防疫体系和相应的队伍建设进行具体研究,确定现有兽医管理体制及其改革后的动物防疫体系和队伍面临的主要问题和相关解决办法,为贵州省今后的动物防疫体系建设提供借鉴。本文首先分析了国外兽医管理体制,并与我国目前的兽医管理体制现状进行了比较,我国的兽医管理体制存在着例如机构设置不合理、基层防疫体系建设滞后、缺乏专业技术人才以及动物卫生法律体系不完善等相关问题,并提供了关于国家兽医管理体制改革的设想和一些省市在改革兽医管理体制方面取得进展的概述。本文通过对贵州省兽医管理体制改革后市、县(市、区)、乡(镇)及村级四级防疫体系各方面情况进行相关研究,例如机构设置、基本职能发挥、人员结构、工资待遇、工作经费、基础设施和工作条件等,与此同时也发现了一些现存问题,例如兽医行政管理机构设置不合理、兽医行政管理人员编制不足和结构不合理、动物卫生监督执法人员严重短缺、乡镇兽医站存在设置不合理现象、村防疫员力量薄弱、动物防疫工作资金不足、动物防疫基础设施薄弱以及动物卫生监督执法手段落后等。通过本文的调查研究,建议通过加强动物卫生法律体系建设、继续推进兽医管理体制改革、依法制定贵州省动物防疫的中长期规划、继续加强动物防疫体系的建设、队伍建设以及强化动物防疫经费保障六方面的措施来提高贵州省动物疫病防控水平和效果,建设具有中国特色的基层动物防疫体系,促进农业农村现代化,为乡村振兴战略的实施奠定坚实基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Animal husbandry has always been one of the main industries of rural economic development,which can promote agricultural development,rural stability and increase farmers’ income.However,with the rapid development of animal husbandry,the occurrence of animal diseases,especially the highly pathogenic avian influenza,livestock foot-and-mouth disease and other major animal diseases,has seriously threatened the development of rural animal husbandry and the stable growth of rural regional economy.Although to carry out in the countryside,animal epidemic prevention,and caused the attention of the society from all walks of life,but there are still some problems,which hinders the animal epidemic prevention work in different degrees,and epidemic prevention work of all kinds of problems on the development of rural regional economy may be varying degrees of impact,the effective prevention work to promote rural regional economy has important practical significance.The construction of animal epidemic prevention system is an important means for the government to improve public health safety and animal food safety,and is also one of the responsibilities of the government for social management and social public service provision.Of animal epidemic prevention in China are faced with the situation and the analysis and research of the veterinary medicine management system of abroad and animal epidemic prevention system and the construction of the province by the investigation and study,clear veterinary management system reform after the current animal epidemic prevention system and the key problems of the team and the corresponding solution measures,provide a reference for the future development of the animal epidemic prevention system in Guizhou Province.At first,this paper based on the analysis and research of the veterinary medicine management system abroad,and contrast veterinary management system in our country the status quo,veterinary medicine management system in our country,there are institutions set unreasonable,epidemic prevention system construction lag,lack of professional and technical personnel at the grass-roots level and animal health problems such as imperfect legal system,and introduces the national veterinary management system reform ideas and some provinces and cities of veterinary management system reform progress.In this paper,after the reform of veterinary management system in Guizhou Province,the establishment of four-level epidemic prevention system in cities,districts(cities,counties),districts and villages,the basic functions,personnel structure,wages,working funds,infrastructure and working conditions,and the construction of business animal epidemic prevention system in Guizhou Province were investigated and studied.It was found that there existed such problems as nonstandard establishment of veterinary administrative institutions,insufficient and irrational structure of veterinary administrative personnel,serious shortage of animal health supervision and law enforcement personnel,unreasonable establishment of animal husbandry,epidemic prevention and quarantine stations in districts,non-implementation of village-level veterinary epidemic prevention system,insufficient funds for animal epidemic prevention work,weak infrastructure of animal epidemic prevention system,underdeveloped means of supervising animal quarantine and law enforcement.Through the investigation and study of this paper,it is suggested that through strengthening the construction of legal system for animal health,further strengthening the reform of the veterinary management system,formulate mid-term and long-term programs of the animal epidemic prevention in Guizhou Province,continue to strengthen animal epidemic prevention system construction,team construction,and the six aspects for ensuring adequate funding for animal epidemic prevention measures to improve the level of the animal disease prevention and control in Guizhou Province and effect,the construction of grass-roots animal epidemic prevention system with Chinese characteristics.更多还原