【作者】 张静；

【导师】 王征兵；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农林经济管理， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放后集体经济逐渐走向弱势,近年来中央及地方各级政府都在开展相应的实践探索以振兴集体经济,产权制度改革就是关键所在。通过改革不仅能够明确农民对相应资产的权益,还能促进收入增加、生活水平提升等。作为承接改革的载体,农村集体经济股份合作社应运而生。这种新型集体经济组织将股份制的部分制度激励和治理结构引入原有村社机构,把集体资产部分或全部折股量化给每位社员,实行统一经营、民主管理与按股分红。杨凌作为农业高新技术产业示范区,率先在陕西省内推行农村集体产权制度改革,对其范围内的农村集体经济股份合作社进行研究具有很强的理论与实践价值。尽管政府大力宣传与扶持其发展,然而调研中却发现农户积极性普遍不高,参与程度差异很大,有些农户不知晓自己的社员身份,有些农户却已主动入股。为了了解影响农户主动参与合作社的相关因素,实际调研中在告知农户政策制度、经营模式的基础上,本文围绕农户是否愿意以自身生产要素入股展开,分析不同因素对其参与意愿与行为的影响程度。因此,本研究对于发现与克服当前存在的不足,把握未来发展方向,促进合作社健康有序发展以及实现农村产权制度改革具有深远的意义。本文立足于杨凌区农户调研数据,在对集体经济发展相对较好的王上村的发展模式进行探讨的基础上,围绕计划行为理论,从态度、主观规范与知觉行为控制三方面设置核心自变量,运用描述性统计与计量模型等方法深入剖析杨凌区农户参与行为状况。以二元Logistic回归模型对农户的主动入股意愿和行为进行回归的结果显示:同时对双方都存在影响的包括年龄、家庭耕地面积、人口数量,此外农户的态度、主观规范和感知行为控制均会对农户的参社意愿产生影响。而农户身体状况、是否为村干部或党员以及农户的参社意愿和感知行为控制会对参社行为产生影响。要想提高农户主动参与的比例,确保合作社可持续发展,需对上述因素进行有针对性的改进和完善。最后结合理论阐释与实证结果,本文从人口统计学特征、态度、主观规范与知觉行为控制四方面提出相关对策建议:(1)根据人口统计学特征,鼓励差异性方式入股;(2)健全合作社制度规范,改善农户态度;(3)多主体共同努力,提高主观规范影响效应;(4)降低准入门槛,增强农户参与知觉行为控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the reform and opening up,the collective economy has gradually become weak.In recent years,the central and local governments at all levels have carried out corresponding practical explorations to revitalize the collective economy.The reform of the property rights system is the key.The reform can not only clarify the rights and interests of farmers in corresponding assets,but also promote the increase of income and the improvement of living standards.As a carrier to undertake reforms,rural collective economic stock cooperatives came into being.This new type of collective economic organization introduces part institutional incentives and governance structures of the shareholding system into the original village community organization,quantifies part or all of the collective assets into shares to each member,and implements unified operation,democratic management and dividends based on shares.As an agricultural high-tech industry demonstration zone,Yangling took the lead in implementing the reform of the rural collective property rights system in Shaanxi Province,and the research on the rural collective economic stock cooperatives within its scope has strong theoretical and practical value.Although the government vigorously promotes and supports its development,the survey found that farmers are generally not very motivated,and the degree of participation varies widely.Some farmers do not know their membership status,and some farmers have taken the initiative to buy shares.In order to understand the relevant factors that affect farmers’ active participation in cooperatives,based on the actual survey of farmers’ policy systems and business models,this article focuses on whether farmers are willing to invest in their own production factors and analyzes the degree of influence of different factors on their willingness and behavior to participate.Therefore,this research is of far-reaching significance for discovering and overcoming the current deficiencies,grasping the future development direction,promoting the healthy and orderly development of cooperatives,and realizing the reform of the rural property rights system.Based on the survey data of farmers in Yangling District,this paper discusses the development model of Wangshang Village,which has relatively good collective economic development,and sets core independent variables from three aspects: attitude,subjective norms and perceptual behavior control around the theory of planned behavior.Descriptive statistics and econometric models are used to deeply analyze the participation behavior of farmers in Yangling District.The results of regression of farmers’ willingness and behavior to take the initiative to buy shares with the binary logistic regression model show that the factors that affect both parties at the same time include age,family farmland area,and population.In addition,farmers’ attitudes,subjective norms,and perceived behavior control will all be affected.Have an impact on the willingness of farmers to participate in the community.The physical condition of farmers,whether they are village cadres or party members,and their willingness to participate in the community and perceived behavior control will have an impact on the behavior of participating in the community.In order to increase the proportion of farmers taking the initiative to participate and ensure the sustainable development of cooperatives,the above factors need to be improved and perfected in a targeted manner.Finally,combining theoretical explanations and empirical results,this article proposes relevant countermeasures and suggestions from four aspects of demographic characteristics,attitudes,subjective norms and perceptual behavior control:(1)Encourage different ways to invest in shares based on demographic characteristics;(2)Improve cooperatives Institutional norms to improve farmers’ attitudes;(3)Multi-agents work together to increase the impact of subjective norms;(4)Lower barriers to entry and enhance farmers’ participation in perceptual behavior control.更多还原