【作者】 徐敏；

【导师】 周孝清； 李丽；

【作者基本信息】 广州大学 ， 建筑学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 岭南地区长期处在高温高湿的气候条件下,墙体的热湿特性对围护结构热工性能、建筑能耗和人居环境都产生了很大的影响。传统蚝壳墙因地制宜,适应自然气候条件,其被动式隔热防潮能力具有较大的建筑节能研究价值。本文以岭南传统蚝壳墙为研究对象,测定其材料的热湿物性参数,对蚝壳墙的热湿性能进行实验模拟验证,研究蚝壳墙热湿性能的特点和规律。首先,查阅文献和实地调研,总结广州市蚝壳墙建筑分布、蚝壳墙的建造历史和构造做法,初步了解蚝壳墙的防风防潮特性。其次,以留耕堂蚝壳墙为对象进行热湿性能现场实测,通过对比实验分析自然条件下蚝壳墙表面温度、热流周期性动态特性,计算蚝壳墙的热工参数;通过含湿指数变化曲线分析蚝壳墙内部的湿迁移特性;并分析墙体边界温湿度、风速的变化规律和对流换热情况。同时测试蚝壳的热湿物性参数,根据蚝壳墙的构造方法建立蚝壳墙的传热几何模型,基于能量平衡的理论分析蚝壳墙的热交换过程,采用数值模拟方法,并以现场实测的温度数值作为边界条件,分析蚝壳墙一维稳态传热机理。最后,应用WUFI软件模拟蚝壳墙的全年动态热湿变化特性,采用实测数据对蚝壳墙模型进行验证可知实测值和模拟值误差在合理范围内;分析蚝壳墙边界和蚝壳墙内部的温湿度变化特点和规律,并研究蚝壳墙热湿性能对建筑能耗的影响。研究结果表明,与传统砖墙相比,蚝壳墙的内边界温度波动幅度较砖墙小;当蚝壳热传导至内部0.29m与砖墙最内部平均温度相同,蚝壳墙内表面湿度较砖墙大,内部湿交换较砖墙少;在室内空调模式下进行建筑能耗的模拟,砖墙供暖能耗是蚝壳墙的1.75倍,制冷能耗是蚝壳墙的1.61倍,蚝壳墙外围护结构交换的热流量较砖墙小,近似于两倍的关系,表明蚝壳墙较砖墙得热失热少,节能效果优于砖墙。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lingnan area has been in the climate of high temperature and high humidity for a long time,and the thermal and humidity characteristics of walls have a great influence on the thermal performance of envelope,building energy consumption and living environment.Traditional oyster shell wall adapts to local conditions and natural climate conditions,and its passive insulation and moisture-proof ability has great value in building energy conservation research.In this paper,the traditional oyster shell wall in Lingnan was taken as the research object,the thermal and moisture physical parameters of its materials were measured,and the thermal and moisture properties of oyster shell wall were simulated and verified,and the characteristics and laws of thermal and moisture properties of oyster shell wall were studied.First of all,referring to literature and field investigation,this paper summarizes the architectural distribution,construction history and structural practices of oyster shell walls in Guangzhou,and preliminarily understands the wind and moisture resistance characteristics of oyster shell walls.Secondly,taking the oyster shell wall in Liugengtang as an object,the thermal and moisture properties were measured on site,and the periodic dynamic characteristics of surface temperature and heat flow of oyster shell wall under natural conditions were analyzed by comparative experiments,and the thermal parameters of oyster shell wall were calculated The moisture migration characteristics in oyster shell wall are analyzed by the change curve of moisture index;The variation law of temperature and humidity,wind speed and convection heat transfer at wall boundary are analyzed.At the same time,the thermal and moisture physical parameters of oyster shell are tested,and the heat transfer geometric model of oyster shell wall is established according to the construction method of oyster shell wall.Based on the theory of energy balance,the heat exchange process of oyster shell wall is analyzed,and the one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer mechanism of oyster shell wall is analyzed by using numerical simulation method and taking the measured temperature value as the boundary condition.Finally,WUFI software is used to simulate the annual dynamic heat and humidity change characteristics of oyster shell wall,and the measured data are used to verify the oyster shell wall model,which shows that the error between the measured value and the simulated value is within a reasonable range This paper analyzes the characteristics and laws of temperature and humidity changes in the boundary and interior of oyster shell wall,and studies the influence of heat and humidity performance of oyster shell wall on building energy consumption.The results show that compared with the traditional brick wall,the fluctuation range of the inner boundary temperature of oyster shell wall is smaller than that of brick wall When the heat transfer of oyster shell to the inside is 0.29 m,which is the same as the average temperature in the innermost part of brick wall,the humidity on the inner surface of oyster shell wall is higher than that of brick wall,and the internal moisture exchange is less than that of brick wall The simulation of building energy consumption in indoor air conditioning mode shows that the heating energy consumption of brick wall is 1.75 times that of oyster shell wall,and the cooling energy consumption is 1.61 times that of oyster shell wall.The heat flux exchanged by the outer envelope structure of oyster shell wall is smaller than that of brick wall,which is approximately twice as large,indicating that oyster shell wall has less heat gain and loss than brick wall,and its energy saving effect is better than brick wall.更多还原