【作者】 杨扬；

【导师】 邹为诚；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 二语习得领域的学者们普遍接受,要从多方面研究第二语言的习得过程这一观点。“复杂度,准确度和流利度”框架(简称CAF框架)是由Peter Skehan等学者提出并完善,用来测量第二语言能力的工具。该框架为学者们从多维度研究第二语言习得提供了重要方向。复杂度,指学习者对新的第二语言知识的内化程度。复杂度的提高,具体表现为学习者使用更高级且更加复杂的第二语言知识。准确度,指学习者对已学习的二语知识的掌握程度。精确度的提高,具体表现为学习者在使用第二语言过程中产生较少的语言错误。流利度,指学习者对第二语言的整体把控程度。流利度的提高,具体表现为学使者能产出流利的第二语言。据一项调查显示,超过90%的中国高中生认为学好英语口语是必要的,但在日常学习和生活中仅有30%的学生会使用英语进行交流。而在这30%的高中生中,大部分同学认为自己的英语口语表达不够准确,也不够流利,并且非常渴望拥有既准确又流利的口语能力。在中国,英语课程对于高中生而言是一门必修课程。而中国高中学生正处在第二语言学习的“关键期”的后期,学习者的第二语言能力在这一时期会产生剧烈的变化。因此,对于处这一时期的二语学习者的口语发展的研究的必要且重要的。本研究以来自中国东部某城市的34名高中生为对象,重点考察在为期六个月的英语强化课程中学习者的英语口语在准确度和流利度的变化以及准确度和流利度之间存在的关系。经统计工具分析得出,在宏观层面,在六个月的英语强化课程中,高中生英语口语在准确性和流利度上都有显著性提升。而准确度和流利度之间存在着此消彼长的竞争关系。在微观层面,学生个体在准确度和流利度上的发展模式各不相同。本研究从宏观和微观两个层面,探讨了中国高中英语学习者在英语口语的准确度和流利度上变化。这不仅提供了高中生在第二语言学习发展中的规律,还能够给高中英语教师提供教学启示:教师需要从学习者的角度出发,根据学习者的个体差异,创造更多的学习机会,让二语学习真正“发生”。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is commonly accepted by L2 teaching practitioners and SLA researchers that the constructs which represent the L2 proficiency are multicomponential in nature.And the status of the framework of Complexity,Accuracy and Fluency(CAF,for short)as principal dimensions of L2 performance and proficiency has been justified both theoretically and empirically(Housen et al.,2009).First,the greater complexity(more elaborate and more sophisticated in L2knowledge)indicates the internalization of new L2 elements.Second,learners’ increase in complexity as well as accuracy imply the stage of modification of L2 knowledge as learners restructure their L2 system.Third,the stage of consolidation and proceduralisation of L2 knowledge is identified by the better fluency through the greater control over the L2 system(De Graaff & Housen 2009;Skehan,2003).Previous studies of L2 learners’ performance under CAF triad,be it in oral form or in written form,were mainly conducted in western countries.Besides the participants of these studies were mostly adult L2 learners of English or other European languages(Florence,2009;Spoelman & Verspoor,2010;Leonard & Shea,2017).Studies concerning the development of Chinese leaners of English were comparatively fewer,not to mention the longitudinal study of oral English development of low-intermediate Chinese students in senior high schools in a natural teaching context.The present study,which belongs to a part of a larger project of English Curriculum Reform led by a professor in a key Teacher Education University in China,targets 34 Chinese EFL learners in senior high school as participants in one of cities in eastern China.The focal point in this study is to investigate the development of L2 learners’ oral accuracy and fluency and the relationship within accuracy and fluency measures as well as the relationship between the two constructs under intensive instructions over 6months.Through audio-transcription and the analysis by a series of statistic tools,the results show that there are significant development among all the 6 measures in accuracy and fluency in L2 learners’ speech.Moreover,there is positive correlation within accuracy and within fluency measures.And the trade-off effect was found between accuracy and fluency measures.Under individual level,learners’ growth trajectories in two dimensions display multifarious patterns over time.To study L2 speakers’ growth of accuracy and fluency means to investigate the degree of the L2 leaners’ development of learned linguistic knowledge and the development of their linguistic processing ability.And by studying the relationship between accuracy and fluency,we can see how well the L2 learners can proceduralize and generalize the knowledge which has already been acquired in the learning context.As Skehan(1996)emphasized,English Language Teaching profession has been obsessively concerned with teacher,very much at the expense of the language learner.It’s time to focus on the learning process from the learners’ perspective and to see how subtle and intricate change they had experienced over time,according to which,the teachers can create more opportunity for students in L2 language learning.更多还原