【作者】 张晓文；

【导师】 姜飞月；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 职业技术教育学， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着经济社会和技术的发展与进步,国家对职业教育改革日益重视,职业学校建设与职校生的培养问题获得了越来越多的关注。中职学生是国家未来需要的技术技能型人才,是将来推动经济社会发展的重要力量。然而,随着经济社会和技术日新月异的变化,中职生的就业形势不容乐观。在诸种就业因素的影响下,他们急需更好的生涯规划。本研究基于生涯建构理论,探讨中职生的生涯适应力现状并提出培养建议。本研究使用文献研究法,问卷调查法,实验研究法对中职生生涯适应力进行研究。首先,通过文献研究法了解国内外生涯适应力相关研究,为本研究提供理论指导。其次,编制本土化的中职生生涯适应力问卷并通过问卷调查研究中职生生涯适应力现状、影响因素。最终通过个案干预对低生涯适应力学生进行实验研究,采用生涯建构咨询的方法,探寻低生涯适应力的深层次原因并尝试提出改善建议。研究发现,虽然中职生生涯适应力整体处于中等稍偏上水平,但中职生的生涯适应力仍需系统性的建设,而参加学业规定外的实习能够很大程度地提高中职生的生涯适应力水平。其次,理工科专业的学生相对文科专业的学生的生涯适应力水平高;男性较女性生涯自信维度表现更好;城镇家庭的同学较农村家庭的学生在生涯好奇维度表现更好。中职生的生涯适应力分为四个类型:生涯普通型、生涯良好型、生涯不为型和生涯漠视型。此外,就生涯适应力低的中职生而言,可在生涯适应力测量的基础上,了解其当前发展水平,分析其深层次原因,对其进行生涯咨询干预,从而改善其水平。值得一提的是,在对低生涯适应力学生的干预中,界定学生是否在生涯负责维度做出实际意义的“决策”是解决问题的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development and progress of economy,society and technology,the country pays more and more attention to the reform of vocational education.Secondary vocational students are skilled technical talents needed by the country in the future,and they are an important force to promote economic and social development in the future.However,with the rapid changes of economic society and technology,their employment situation is not optimistic.These practical factors make secondary vocational students need better career planning.Based on the theory of career construction,this study discusses the current situation of vocational students’ career adaptability and puts forward some suggestions.In this study,literature research,questionnaire survey and experimental research were used to study the life adaptability of secondary vocational students.Through the literature research method to understand the domestic and foreign research on career adaptability,to provide theoretical guidance for this study.Secondly,a localized questionnaire on the life adaptability of secondary vocational students was prepared and the status quo and influencing factors of the career adaptability of secondary vocational students in China were studied through the questionnaire.Finally,this paper conducts an experimental study on students with low career adaptability through case intervention,and uses the method of career construction consultation to explore the underlying causes of low career adaptability and try to put forward suggestions for improvement.The study found that although the overall career adaptability of secondary vocational students in China is at a slightly above average level,the career adaptability of secondary vocational students still needs to be systematically constructed,and the internship beyond the academic requirements can greatly improve the career adaptability of secondary vocational students.Secondly,students majoring in science and engineering have a higher level of career adaptability than students majoring in liberal arts.Men performed better than women in career confidence.Students from urban families performed better in the dimension of career curiosity than those from rural families.The career adaptability of secondary vocational students can be divided into four types: ordinary career type,good career type,non-professional career type and career disregard type.In addition,for secondary vocational students with low career adaptability,on the basis of the measurement of career adaptability,their current development level can be understood,their deep-seated reasons can be analyzed,and their career counseling and intervention can be conducted to improve their level.It is worth mentioning that,in the intervention of students with low career adaptability,the key to solve the problem is to define whether students make practical "decisions" in the dimension of career responsibility.更多还原