【作者】 李瑶；

【导师】 肖媛；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 公共管理， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 精准扶贫,脱贫攻坚是现阶段我国最为紧迫的任务,关系到广大贫困群众的切实生活,牵涉到党和国家的声誉。在2020年底完成贫困人口全面脱贫,是党对人民群众许下的庄严承诺,是实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键一步。本着“摘帽不摘责任、摘帽不摘政策、摘帽不摘帮扶、摘帽不摘监管”的扶贫精神,各地在中央统一的扶贫政策下,从自身实际出发,在脱贫攻坚的实践中合理运用地方实际情况补充扶贫政策,完善扶贫举措。由于我国地域广大,地方致贫原因复杂,特别是少数民族地区的贫困问题更为显著,因此,对于“老、少、边、穷”地区扶贫现状的考察,关系到我国总体的脱贫质量与地区均衡发展。湖南湘西属于湖南西北部苗族和土家族聚居之地,作为“精准扶贫”一词首次出现之地,在少数民族地区的贫困问题中以及当地的扶贫措施都具有一定的典型性。因此,本文以湘西S镇为考察对象,首先对国内外关于少数民族贫困地区相关扶贫文献进行梳理,并回顾自改革开放以来我国在少数民族地区扶贫政策的演化过程,阐释少数民族地区扶贫政策执行的独特性所在;其次,通过对湘西S镇现有精准扶贫政策进行考察,阐明其政策执行相关手段以及在实际的精准扶贫政策执行中所存在的问题,通过访谈法以及其他资料的搜集等发现问题原因。同时,立足于公共政策执行系统等相关理论,对少数民族地区精准扶贫政策执行系统机制进行构建,为S镇具体的优化措施奠定基础;最后,找出S镇应对当地精准扶贫政策执行问题的实际策略,分别从政策执行信息子系统、执行主体子系统、执行客体子系统和执行监督子系统等方面入手,系统提炼出S镇精准扶贫政策执行实际优化措施,从政策执行系统理论的角度阐述当地精准扶贫政策执行系统优化的举措及其后期成效。通过对湘西S镇精准扶贫政策执行的具体考察,阐释S镇在前期扶贫问题的基础上,通过完善精准扶贫政策执行信息子系统做到精准宣传、改善执行主体子系统做到精准动员、规训执行客体子系统做到精准确认、加强执行监督子系统做到精准监控等相关措施,在后期易地搬迁、医疗救助等相关扶贫政策中取得了显著成效,从而为我国广大少数民族地区精准扶贫政策有效执行提供相应的借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Targeted poverty alleviation is the most urgent task in China at this stage,which is related to the real life of the vast majority of poor people and the reputation of the Party and the country.Completing poverty alleviation by 2020 is a solemn promise made by the Party and a key step to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.However,in line with the central poverty alleviation spirit,all localities,under the unified poverty alleviation policy of the central government,proceeding from their own reality to supplement and improve poverty alleviation policies in the practice of fighting poverty.At the same time,due to the vast territory of our country,the reasons for local poverty are complex,especially in minority areas.Therefore,the investigation of poverty alleviation in poor areas is related to the overall quality of poverty alleviation in our country.Western Hunan belongs to the Miao and Tujia communities in the northwest of Hunan Province.As the first place where the word "targeted poverty alleviation" appeared,the poverty alleviation measures are relatively typical.Therefore,this study takes S Town in Western Hunan as the object.Firstly,it combs the relevant poverty alleviation documents and reviews the evolution process of targeted alleviation policies in ethnic minority areas since the reform and opening up,and explains the uniqueness of the implementation of targeted alleviation policies in ethnic minority areas.Secondly,by investigating the existing targeted alleviation policies in S town to clarify the problems of the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy and then to find the causes of the problems.At the same time,based on the public policy implementation system and other related theories,constructs the implementation system mechanism of the targeted poverty alleviation policy in ethnic minority areas in order to lay the foundation for the specific poverty alleviation measures of S town.Finally,through the data collection to find out the actual strategies of S town for the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation policy,respectively from the policy implementation information subsystem,the implementation subject subsystem,the implementation object subsystem and the implementation supervision subsystem to extract the practical measures of the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation policy in S Town,then from policy implementation system theory to find out its later achievements of targeted poverty alleviation policy.Based on the specific investigation of the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation policies of S town to explains the relevant measures of targeted poverty alleviation.By improving the implementation information subsystem to achieve precision publicity,perfecting the implementation subject subsystem to get precision mobilization,regulating the implementation object subsystem to obtain precision confirmation and enhancing the implementation supervision subsystem to acquire precision monitoring,and then to figure out the specific achievements of different targeted poverty alleviation policies of S town so as to provide the corresponding reference for the effective implementation of targeted poverty alleviation in the vast minority areas of China.更多还原