【作者】 王伟；

【导师】 姜正龙； 李剑；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学(北京) ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以宣龙坳陷下花园地区下马岭组为研究对象,进行大量文献调研,展开野外考察、样品采集、有机地球化学分析和盆地模拟等工作;通过与周缘区域的有机地球化学特征和元素含量差异对比,对生烃条件进行了较为系统的分析和总结。我国元古宇烃源岩主要集中在三大克拉通,其中,华北克拉通以洪水庄组页岩和下马岭组页岩最为代表,最具勘探潜力。相较洪水庄组,下马岭组地层厚度更大,分布更广泛,有机质含量更高,是华北元古宇最主要的勘探层系。下马岭组广泛发育于燕山地区,宣龙坳陷是下马岭组时期沉积与沉降中心,下花园地区是下马岭组发育最完整、地层厚度最大的区域。气候温暖湿润,表层水体富氧,底部缺氧的还原环境为下马岭组提供了良好的沉积环境。下花园地区下马岭组三段黑色页岩最发育,有机碳含量(TOC)平均为4.23%,最高可达6.42%,属于好烃源岩类型;有机质成熟度(Ro)为0.55%,最高热解峰温(Tmax)为441℃,热演化程度相对较低,有机质类型以Ⅱ型为主,下马岭组烃源岩处在生油阶段。通过将实验所得的有机地球化学分析结果与辽西建昌、冀北宽城、冀中蓟县、北京西山等周缘地区对比发现,下花园地区下马岭组有机质丰度最高,烃源岩地层厚度最大,生烃条件最好。较低的有机质成熟度表明火山活动未有效促进成烃,潮下带至潟湖边缘的过渡区域是下马岭组烃源岩的最佳发育场所。运用Basinmod盆地模拟软件分析,该区下马岭组历史上埋藏深度可达3400米以上,具备成熟演化条件,是油气勘探远景区。总体来说,下马岭组是一套有机质丰度高、热演化程度低的好烃源岩。下花园地区下马岭组是华北地区发育最为完整、烃源岩厚度最大、烃源岩品质最好的地区,具备较好的勘探前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper takes the Xiamaling Formation in the Xiahuayuan area of the Xuanlong Depression as the research object,conducts a large number of literature surveys,field investigation,sample collection,organic geochemical analyzation and basin simulation,etc.;Comparing the characteristics of organic geochemical and element content in the surrounding area,it is concluded that hydrocarbon generation conditions are systematically analyzed and summarized.Proterozoic source rocks in my country are mainly concentrated in the three major cratons.Among them,the North China Craton is typically represented by the Hongshuizhuang Formation Shale and the Xiamaling Formation Shale with the most exploration potential.Compared with the Hongshuizhuang Formation,the Xiamaling Formation,the most important exploration layer of the Proterozoic in North China,is thicker,more widely distributed,and contains higher organic content.The Xiamaling Formation is widely developed in the Yanshan area,in which the Xuanlong Depression is the center of deposition and subsidence during the Xiamaling Formation.The Xiahuayuan area has the most complete and thickest Xiamaling Formation.The climate is warm and humid,the surface water is rich in oxygen,and the reducing environment at the bottom is anoxic,providing a good depositional environment for the Xiamaling Formation.In this area,the black shale in the third member of the Xiamaling Formation is the most developed,with an average total organic carbon content(TOC)of 4.23% and a maximum of 6.42%.It is a good source rock type;the organic maturity(Ro)is 0.55%,and the maximum pyrolysis peak temperature(Tmax)is 441℃,thus,the degree of thermal evolution is relatively low.the organic matter type is dominated by type II,and the source rocks of the Xiamaling Formation are in the oil generation stage.Comparing existing organic geochemical parameters with surrounding areas such as Jianchang in western Liaoning,Kuancheng in northern Hebei,Jixian in middle Hebei,and Xishan in Beijing,it is found that the Xiamaling Formation in Xiahuayuan area has the highest abundance of organic,the thickest source rock formation,and the best hydrocarbon generation conditions.The Xiamaling Formation has good source rocks.Lower organic maturity indicates that volcanic activity has not effectively promoted hydrocarbon generation.The transition area from the subtidal zone to the edge of the lagoon is the best place for the development of source rocks in the Xiamaling Formation.Analyzing by Basinmod,the historical burial depth of the Xiamaling Formation in this area can reach more than 3400 meters,with mature evolution conditions,and it is a prospective area for oil and gas exploration.Generally speaking,the Xiamaling Formation is a set of good source rocks with high abundance of organic matter and low thermal evolution.The Xiamaling Formation in the Xiahuayuan area is the area with the most complete development,the thickest source rock,and the best source rock quality in North China,and it has good prospects for exploration.更多还原