【作者】 王帅；

【导师】 黄致新；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 学科教学（物理）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 初中生到了初二阶段,突然接触到物理这一抽象、逻辑性较强的学科,面临着从生活经验到科学真理的转变,思维方式上也要求学生能够从形象思维走向抽象思维。这无疑会使刚刚适应了初中生活的学生面临不同程度上的物理学习适应性问题。与此同时,物理这一学科作为学生系统地接受科学教育的开端,做好其物理学习适应性的相关教育工作是非常必要的。笔者在查阅文献,了解有关学习适应性相关研究的基础上,结合物理学科的特点,关注学生个体发展,编制了《初中生物理学习适应性量表》,对武汉市三所初中初二学生进行调查,了解初二学生物理学习适应性水平,了解不同维度、不同成绩水平、不同性别的学生在物理学习适应性方面存在的差异,并分析造成当前初二学生物理学习适应性现状的原因。通过调查分析,得出的主要结论如下:(1)初二学生物理学习适应性总体水平依次为:良好52.64%,中等30.06%,不良 14.85%。(2)初二学生对于外部学习环境这一维度的适应性水平优于对于内部因素自我感受维度的适应性水平。同时,在学生自我感受这一部分,适应性良好由高到低依次是:物理学习态度、探索创新意识、物理学习方法、物理认知与调控。适应不良从高到低依次为:物理学习认知与调控、物理学习方法,物理学习态度、探索创新意识。(3)物理学习成绩与学生的物理学习适应性有着密切联系,成绩好,学习适应性水平高,成绩差,物理学习适应性不良。(4)初二男女生在物理学习态度、物理学习方法上存在着显著性差异。笔者在对初二学生物理学习适应性进行调查和分析的基础上,提出了相应的培养策略如下:(1)教师要加强对学生物理学习方法的指导(2)教师要培养学生自主学习(3)教学中经常采用小组学习模式(4)教师要有教学性别差异意识(5)教师要强化物理实验教学(6)教师在教学中要合理利用多媒体教学资源(7)学生要学会自主学习(8)学生要纠正当前的学习方法(9)学生要能够正确认识物理学科更多还原

【Abstract】 Junior high school students in the second stage of junior high school suddenly come into contact with physics,an abstract and logical subject,and are faced with the transformation from life experience to scientific truth.The way of thinking also requires students to move from image thinking to abstract thinking.This will undoubtedly make the students who have just adapted to junior high school life face the problem of physics learning adaptability in varying degrees.At the same time,as the beginning of students’systematic scientific education,it is very necessary to do a good job in physics learning adaptability education.On the basis of literature review and Research on learning adaptability,combined with the characteristics of physics,the author pays attention to the individual development of students,and compiles the "junior high school students’ Physics Learning Adaptability Scale",which investigates junior high school students in three junior high schools in Wuhan to understand the learning adaptability level of junior high school biology,and the learning adaptability of different dimensions,different achievement levels and different genders This paper analyzes the differences between junior high school students and junior high school students in physics learning adaptability,and analyzes the reasons for the current situation of junior high school students’ physics learning adaptability.Through investigation and analysis,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)The overall level of physics learning adaptability of junior two students is:good 52.64%,medium 30.06%,bad 14.85%.(2)The second year junior high school students’ adaptability to external learning environment is better than that to internal factors.At the same time,in the part of students’ self feeling,the adaptability is good.From high to low,the order is:physics learning attitude,exploration and innovation consciousness,physics learning methods,physics cognition and regulation.The order of maladjustment from high to low is:cognition and regulation of physics learning,methods of physics learning,attitude of physics learning and consciousness of exploration and innovation.(3)There is a close relationship between physics learning performance and students’physics learning adaptability.Good performance,high level of learning adaptability,poor performance and poor physics learning adaptability.(4)There are significant differences between boys and girls in physics learning attitude and methods.Based on the investigation and analysis of the adaptability of the second grade students in junior high school,the author puts forward the corresponding training strategies as follows:(1)Teachers should strengthen the guidance of students’ physics learning methods(2)Teachers should cultivate students’ Autonomous Learning(3)Group learning mode is often used in teaching(4)Teachers should have awareness of gender differences in Teaching(5)Teachers should strengthen physical experiment teaching(6)Teachers should make rational use of multimedia teaching resources in teaching(7)Students should learn to study independently(8)Students should correct their current learning methods(9)Students should be able to understand physics correctly更多还原